Read the following passage and answer the questions below (1 to 6):
There is a true schism between Science and society. They form, so-to-say, two disparate worlds. On the one hand, there is society claiming that science is responsible for most of the evil on earth, having caused all the pollution, (like Bhopal, Seveso, and Chernobyl), a society that is nevertheless thoughtlessly using and misusing all the goodies of science and technology. On the other hand, there are many of our great scientists who still think in terms of unlimited progress on a technological level. They are convinced that progress of mankind is measured, apart from achievements in cosmic knowledge, in extension of life- span of human beings, genetically modifying human species and so on.
Is it really a meaningful goal to further improve the living standards of affluent minority and extend their individual life span? Would it not be better to attempt to extend the life span of the entire mankind on earth? If we do not think long term, nature will find its own ways to set limits: ‘Eat and be extent’. If we do not think for ahead, our descendants will have to experience the fatal limits without being properly prepared.
Who should, then, care about the far future? This leads us to the question of sustainability. Sustainable development is today a well-accepted conversation piece in any upper class society (a real tea-time conversation).
This space-age has taught us that we live on a fragile planet with an onion skin atmosphere, containing all that is dear to natural life. And that we humans are converting all of it into a waste including even the narrowest band of breathable air, at an alarming rate of pollution, destruction and overpopulation.
In the words of Jeroma Karle (1985, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry), if humans continue to increase the earth’s population, destroy the environment and produce children whose lives are devoid of love, self respect, culture and respect for the dignity of others, we can expect an increasing loss of quality of life, much suffering and violence, and a return to dark ages.’
In brief, science and technology alone cannot solve the problems of new Millennium.
Our current obsession with technology is a dead end. We need additional guidelines for our actions.
Unless the new millennium renews our faith in the unknown – the miraculous mystery of man’s soul, we shall not be able to protect our fragile planet the nature’s gift to mankind, for long. And that would reflect the darkest face of human development through science, technology and technology alone.
1. ‘Our current obsession with technology is dead.’ The phrase means:
(A) Do not use technology any more
(B) Do not produce new technology.
(C) Additional guidelines to use technology are needed.
(D) That technology reflects the darkest face of human development.
Answer: (C)
2. ‘Return to Dark Ages’ reflects
(A) Reversal of the use of science and technology
(B) Uncontrolled increase in human population
(C) Increase in the level of poverty among the people
(D) Increase in the level of ignorance and illiteracy
Answer: (B)
3. Progress of mankind is not measured from
(A) Achievements in cosmic knowledge
(B) Longevity of life span
(C) Genetic modification of human species
(D) Spiritual attainment
Answer: (D)
4. To talk about Sustainable Development is
(A) A sincere effort of the scientific research
(B) A concern for the futuristic society
(C) Fashion of the day
(D) All the above
Answer: (D)
5. ‘Eat and be eaten’ refers to
(A) Nature
(B) Science
(C) Mankind
(D) Future generations
Answer: (C)
6. The tone of the passage is
(A) Descriptive
(B) Critical
(C) Analytical
(D) Prescriptive
Answer: (B)
7. Which among the following States/Union Territories in India showed highest percentage in decadal growth rate during the decade (2001- 2011)?
(A) Bihar
(B) Arunachal Pradesh
(C) Uttar Pradesh
(D) Dadra & Nagar Haveli
Answer: (D)
8. From which year ‘de facto’ enumeration was replaced by ‘de jure’ in the Indian Census?
(A) 1911
(B) 1941
(C) 1951
(D) 2011
Answer: (B)
9. Data collection by any method should be scrutinized by
(A) Taking sample of units and verifying them in field
(B) Examining the consistency in the data collected
(C) Examine the information collected in totality
(D) Examine the consistency in unit of measurement in survey
Answer: (D)
10. Which among the following basic equation expresses the change in population overtime in a simple form?
(A) Quadratic equation
(B) Balancing equation
(C) Integral equation
(D) Functional equation
Answer: (B)
11. During which period, India’s population marked negative growth rate?
(A) 1901 – 11
(B) 1911 – 21
(C) 1991 – 2001
(D) 1921 – 31
Answer: (B)
12. Which among the following is not a Millennium Development Goal?
(A) Eradicate Extreme Hunger and Poverty
(B) Achieve Universal Primary Education
(C) Improve Maternal Health
(D) Ensure socio-economic Sustainability
Answer: (D)
13. According to the sample Registration System Bulletin December 2011, the infant mortality rate in urban areas of India is
(A) 25
(B) 31
(C) 35
(D) 40
Answer: (B)
14. Arrange the States of India in ascending order with respect to percentage decadal growth rate of population during the Census period (2001-2011):
(A) Jammu & Kashmir, Manipur, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Nagaland
(B) Sikkim, Nagaland, Manipur, Meghalaya, Jammu & Kashmir
(C) Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Mizoram, Jammu &Kashmir
(D) Jammu & Kashmir, Mizoram, Bihar, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya
Answer: (C)
15. Match List – I with List – II:
List – I List – II
a. Donald J. Bogue i. Population of India and Pakistan
b. Kingsley Davis ii. Economic Backwardness and Economic Growthwww.netugc.com
c. Richard Easterlin iii. Introduction to the mathematics of Population
d. Nathan Keyfitz iv. Principles of Demography
Codes:
a b c d
(A) i ii iii iv
(B) ii iii iv i
(C) iv i ii iii
(D) iii iv ii i
Answer: (C)
16. Who, among the following, coined the word “Intermediate variables affecting fertility”?
(A) Hajnal
(B) Bongaarts
(C) Kingley Davis & Judith Blake
(D) Caldwel
Answer: (C)
17. The average annual exponential growth rate of the population of India during the period 2001-2011 was
(A) 0.64
(B) 1.64
(C) 2.64
(D) 4.64
Answer: (B)
18. According to the Census of India 2011, which among the following has shown lowest density of population
(A) Sikkim
(B) Arunachal Pradesh
(C) Mizoram
(D) Andaman & Nicobar Island
Answer: (B)
19. Information on which of the following topics is not provided by Indian Census?
(A) Demographic characteristics
(B) Economic characteristics
(C) Health Status of the Population
(D) Household characteristics
Answer: (C)
20. What is the term used for dumping hazardous waste material at places populated by poor and minority?
(A) Environmental degradation
(B) Environmental racism
(C) Anthropocentrism
(D) The greenhouse effect
Answer: (B)
21. Which of the following countries is the highest supplier of doctors to the developed nations?
(A) Indonesia
(B) India
(C) The Philippines
(D) China
Answer: (B)
22. Stationary population is a model that
(A) Excludes migration
(B) Holds fertility constant
(C) Has fixed mortality rates
(D) All the three above
Answer: (D)
23. Which variable among the following is not social characteristic of the population?
(A) Religious composition
(B) Caste/Ethnic composition
(C) Literacy and Education
(D) Sex-composition
Answer: (D)
24. Global warming has raised the temperature of the Earth during the last one hundred years by
(A) Less than 10 C
(B) 10 C to 20 C
(C) 20 C to 2.50 C
(D) > 2.50 C
Answer: (A)
25. Which factors is not included in preparation of human development Index?
(A) Adult literacy
(B) Expectation of life at birth
(C) Per capita income
(D) Nutritional status of children
Answer: (D)
26. Net Reproduction Rate (NRR) is a measure of
(A) Annual excess of births over deaths
(B) Annual rate at which women are replacing themselves on the basis of prevailing fertility and mortality assuming no migration
(C) Decennial growth rate of population
(D) Per generation growth rate assuming current age specific fertility and mortality and no net migration
Answer: (D)
27. Period birth rate and cohort birth rate may exhibit large differences under which of the following conditions?
(A) When most couples plan their fertility.
(B) When the mean age of marriage is increasing.
(C) When the mean age at marriage is decreasing.
(D) None of the above.
Answer: (C)
28. Post neonatal mortality is
(A) Probability of dying in the first month of life
(B) Probability of dying in the first year of life.
(C) Probability of dying after first month and before the first birthday.
(D) Probability of dying between first and the fifth birthday.
Answer: (C)
29. Assertion (A): The quality of fresh water is declining.
Reason (R): Global population size is on the increase.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (B)
30. The Net Reproduction Rate (NRR) = 1 implies exact replacement, then what NRR < 1 implies?
(A) Not replacing itself and a positive growth rate in short run.
(B) Not replacing itself and a negative growth rate in short run.
(C) Not replacing itself and a positive rate in long-run.
(D) Not replacing itself and a negative growth in long run.
Answer: (D)www.netugc.com
31. The Coale and Demeny regional model life tables were derived from
(A) 176 life tables
(B) 192 life tables
(C) 186 life tables
(D) 190 life tables
Answer: (B)
32. Match the List – I with List – II:
List – I List – II
a. Regional Model life table i. Coale and Demeney
b. Logit Model life table ii. Liderman
c. Model life table iii. Brass
d. Factor analysis in identifying model life tables iv. United Nations
Codes:
a b c d
(A) ii iii i iv
(B) i iii iv ii
(C) ii iv iii i
(D) iii ii i iv
Answer: (B)
33. Which disease may not be affected by migration?
(A) TB
(B) HIV
(C) Malaria
(D) Cancer
Answer: (D)
34. Identify the group that lists all places known as ‘mega cities’ of India
(A) Mumbai, Kolkata, Pune, Hyderabad
(B) Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Amritsar
(C) Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai
(D) Delhi, Ahmedabad, Dehradun, Bangalore
Answer: (C)
35. International migration has been associated with one of following disease in recent times
(A) Dengue
(B) Malaria
(C) SARS
(D) Diabetes
Answer: (C)
36. Identify the negative consequences of urban growth
(A) Increase in vehicular pollution
(B) Increase in industrial emission
(C) Increase in solid and liquid waste generation
(D) All the above
Answer: (D)
37. Identify the consequences of urbanisation
(A) Physical expansion of the city
(B) Increase in housing stock
(C) Up scaling of basic infrastructure
(D) All the above
Answer: (D)
38. Which one of the following is not the part of the definition of ‘urban’ in the Indian context?
(A) Population size 5000 persons and above.
(B) 75 percent of male workers in non-agricultural activities.
(C) Density of population 400 per sq. kms.
(D) None of the above
Answer: (A)
39. Assertion (A): Male longevity is lower than female longevity in developed countries.
Reason (R): Smoking among males is more than females.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (B)
40. Match the block in List – I describes stages under theory of Demographic Transition with List – II:
List – I List – II
a. Stage I i. Low birth rate, low death rate
b. Stage II ii. Declining birth rate, low death rate
c. Stage III iii. High birth rate, falling death rate
d. Stage IV iv. High birth rate, high death rate
Codes:
a b c d
(A) iv iii ii i
(B) iii iv ii i
(C) i ii iii iv
(D) ii iii iv i
Answer: (A)
41. Match the following Indices with the attribute they measure:
List – I List – II
a. PQLI i. Development
b. GEM ii. Empowerment
c. SLI iii. Quality of life
d. HDI iv. Poverty
Codes:
a b c d
(A) iv ii iii i
(B) iii ii iv i
(C) i iii ii iv
(D) iv iii ii i
Answer: (B)
42. Arrange the following States in ascending order of the crime rate against women:
(A) Bihar, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya
(B) Meghalaya, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala
(C) Meghalaya, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Kerala
(D) Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Meghalaya, Kerala
Answer: (C)
43. Arrange in ascending order them following States on the basis of gender gap in literacy:
(i) Andhra Pradesh
(ii) Uttar Pradesh
(iii) Kerala
(iv) Tripura
Codes:
(A) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)
(B) (iii), (i), (iv), (ii)
(C) (i), (ii), (iv), (iii)
(D) (iii), (ii), (i), (iv)
Answer: (B)
44. Gender gap in literacy rates has reduced from 22% in 2001 to 17% in 2011. It can be inferred that
(A) Female literacy has improved
(B) Male literacy has dropped
(C) Both male and female literacy have improved at the same rate
(D) Both male and female literacy have improved at different rates
Answer: (D)
45. Identify the indicator which is usually not used for measuring women’s empowerment:
(A) Land ownership
(B) Education
(C) Working status
(D) Housing policy
Answer: (D)
46. Assertion (A): Noise pollution in the metropolitan cities is on the rise.
Reason (R): metropolitan cities are a home to million/s of people.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (B)
47. Assertion (A): Changing farm technology has resulted in massive increases in food production.
Reason (R): Farmers are using newer technologies to cultivate barren and arid regions.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, and(R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false and (R) is true.
Answer: (A)
48. Which of the following affects the carrying capacity of an environment?
(A) Biotic factors
(B) Abiotic factors
(C) Technical advances
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D)
49. Which one of the following is not properly matched?
(A) World Environment Day– 5th June
(B) World Health Day – 7th April
(C) World Population Day– 15th July
(D) World AIDS Day – 1st December
Answer: (C)
50. Which one amongst the following is not a indicator of social development?
(A) Primary school enrolment rate
(B) Literacy rate
(C) Child malnutrition
(D) Net Reproduction Rate
Answer: (D)
51. Which is the only gas that can absorb Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet radiation?
(A) Nitrous oxide
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Ozone
(D) Nitrogen
Answer: (C)
52. Which of the following affects the carrying capacity of an environment?
(a) Biotic factors
(b) Abiotic factors
(c) Technical advances
Codes:
(A) (a) only
(B) (a), (b) only
(C) (a), (c) only
(D) (a), (b) and (c) only
Answer: (D)www.netugc.com
53. IPCC stands for
(A) Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change
(B) Inter-personal Communication Centre
(C) International Panel for Climate Change
(D) Indian Programme on Climate Change
Answer: (A)
54. In India, the percentage of households without toilet facilities is approximately
(A) 30 to 40 %
(B) 41 to 50%
(C) 51 to 60%
(D) 61 to 70%
Answer: (C)
55. Brass Fertility Model used _______Degree Polynomial Method.
(A) First
(B) Second
(C) Third
(D) Fourth
Answer: (A)
56. The last International Conference on Climate Change was held in
(A) Denmark
(B) Johannesburg
(C) Copenhagen
(D) New Delhi
Answer: (C)
57. Agenda 21 of 1992 Earth Summit focussed on:
(A) Sustainable Mountain Development
(B) Sustainable Agricultural Development
(C) Sustainable Human Development
(D) Sustainable Development of Natural Resources
Answer: (A)
58. Among the following who is of the opinion that ‘Children are consumer durables’:
(A) Liebenstein
(B) Easterlin
(C) Bectev
(D) Caldwell
Answer: (C)
59. The density of population in India is approximately
(A) 200 to 250 persons per sq. km.
(B) 251 to 300 persons per sq. km.
(C) 301 to 350 persons per sq. km.
(D) 351 to 400 persons per sq. km.
Answer: (D)
60. Which of the following is not a characteristic of sustainable society?
(A) Relies heavily on fossil fuels
(B) Protects biological species from extinction
(C) Practices resource Conservation
(D) Recycles whenever possible
Answer: (A)
61. Which of the following brought the term ‘Sustainable development’ into common use?
(A) The United States Forest Service
(B) The United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development
(C) The United Nations Conference on Environment and Economy, held in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992
(D) The United States Environmental Protection Agency
Answer: (B)
62. Match List – I with List – II:
List – I List – II
(Millennium Development Goals) Targets Progress
a. Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger i. Halve between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar per day
b. Reduce Child Mortality ii. Reduce two thirds between1990 and 2015; the under five mortality
c. Improve Maternal Health iii. Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio
d. Ensure Environmental sustainability iv. Integrate the principle of sustainable development into country’s policies and programmes and loss of environmental resources
Codes:
a b c d
(A) i ii iii iv
(B) ii iii iv i
(C) iii iv i ii
(D) iv i ii iii
Answer: (A)
63. Nutritional Status can be measured by
(A) Stunting, wasting and underweight
(B) Stunting, wasting and food intake
(C) Stunting, Vitamin A doses and underweight
(D) Height, weight and BMI
Answer: (A)
64. Assertion (A): Hospitals are equipped with medical technology and expertise for treatment of disease.
Reason (R): Treatment need not necessarily take place in a hospital environment.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and(R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct and(R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (B)
65. Where was the first complete Census at regular intervals undertaken in the world and in 1665 A.D.?
(A) Untied States of America
(B) England
(C) Germany
(D) New France (Quebec) and Acadie (Nova Scotia)
Answer: (D)
66. Match the List – I describing various Committees with List – II describing Recommendations of Committees:
List – I List – II
a. Bhore Committee i. Strengthening of referral linkages
b. Jungwala Committee ii. Integration of health services
c. Mudaliar Committee iii. Training in preventive and social medicine to prepare social physicians
d. Mukherjee Committee iv. Recruitment of additional staff for effective implementation of health services
Codes:
a b c d
(A) iv iii i ii
(B) iii ii i iv
(C) i iii iv ii
(D) ii iii iv i
Answer: (B)
67. Which countries are members of ‘Partner’s in Population of Development’?
(A) China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan
(B) China, Indonesia, Thailand, Bangladesh, India
(C) Indonesia, Thailand, India, China, Nepal
(D) India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Bhutan, Myanmar
Answer: (B)
68. Match the following wastes with the source of their generation:
List – I List – II
a. Solid waste i. Glass Industry
b. Liquid affluent ii. Petrochemical Industries
c. Noxious gases iii. Domestic Garbage
d. Ash iv. Leather Processing Units
Codes:
a b c d
(A) iv ii iii i
(B) iii iv ii i
(C) i iii ii iv
(D) iv iii ii i
Answer: (B)
69. Match List – I with List – II:
List – I List – II
a. Land-use Theory i. Lösch
b. Concentric Zone Theory ii. Harris & Ullman
c. Multiple Nucleic Theory iii. Burgess
d. Central Place Theory iv. Von Thunen
Codes:
a b c d
(A) iv iii ii i
(B) iii i iv ii
(C) ii iii i iv
(D) i ii iii iv
Answer: (A)
70. In Christaller’s Theory of Central Places, K7 refers to
(A) Market Principle
(B) Transport Principle
(C) Administrative Principle
(D) Market & Administrative Principles Combined
Answer: (C)
71. The Centrality of a Central Place is considered in terms of its
(A) Geographical location
(B) Types of Functions
(C) Size of Population
(D) All the above
Answer: (B)
72. Assertion (A): The gravitational potential of a city is determined by the combined impact of centripetal and centrifugal forces.
Reason (R): Cities are endowed with multifunctional character.
Codes:www.netugc.com
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (B)
73. Assertion (A): In Central Place Theory, ‘hexagonal region’ is considered as the optimum for functional linkages.
Reason (R): Transport connectively is important for maintaining inter-settlement linkages.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct interpretation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct interpretation of (A).
(C) (A) is true and (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Answer: (B)
74. ‘Rural-Urban Continuum’ of a city connotes:
(A) Spatial continuity of city’s activities beyond its administrative boundary
(B) Agglomeration of city’s Central Functions in the peripheral area.
(C) The new CBD of the city.
(D) A highly densely populated neighbourhood.
Answer: (A)
75. Which one of the following postulates explains Ester Boserup’s view on agricultural innovations and population growth?
(A) Innovation Push & Population Pull
(B) Innovation Pull & Population Push
(C) Innovation Push but Population Unchanged
(D) Population Pull but Innovation Unchanged
Answer: (B)