2013 December UGC NET Solved Question Paper in Defence and Strategic Studies Paper 3
1. Who among the following thinkers emphasized that like science, there are systematized principles of war?
(A) A. Jomini
(B) Carl Von Clausewitz
(C) Marshal Foch
(D) Marshal Bulow
Answer: (A)
2. The ‘global climate change’ has emerged as one of the causes of insecurity. This change is because
(A) Discovery of a hole in Earth’s ozone layer over Antarctica in 1985.
(B) 25% increase of carbon dioxide in atmosphere.
(C) Increase in temperature of Earth surface.
(D) Melting of Glaciers
Answer: (A)
3. The disciple of defence economics mostly concentrates on:
(A) Pre-war economy
(B) Mobilization of military resources
(C) Planning, Programming & Budgeting of resources for defence requirements
(D) Allocation of natural resources
Answer: (C)
4. In Game theory, as applied in war games, ‘Zero-sum’ concept refers to one of the following:
(A) Equality of Gains and Losses
(B) Inequality of Gains and Losses
(C) Partial equality between the two
(D) Partial inequality between the two
Answer: (A)
5. The concept of ‘Threats without enemies’ is linked with one of the following in the security discourse:
(A) Globalization
(B) Environmental security
(C) Technology transfer
(D) Illegal migration
Answer: (B)
6. Which of the following have largely been causes of illegal migration and flow of refugees?
(A) Government policies forced people to migrate.
(B) Establishment of new States and adverse economic conditions.
(C) Disasters induced people to migrate.
(D) All the above factors as mentioned in (A), (B) and (C)
Answer: (D)
7. The UN World Conference on Human Rights in June 1993 was held in:
(A) Geneva
(B) Vienna
(C) London
(D) Paris
Answer: (B)
8. Which of the following African States opposed the indefinite extension of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1995?
(A) Nigeria
(B) Sierra Leone
(C) South Africa
(D) Tunisia
Answer: (A)
9. Which one of the following was the main factor that conditioned India’s Defence Policy in 1947?
(A) Military Cooperation
(B) International Image
(C) Non Alignment
(D) Regional Conditions
Answer: (C)
10. Mahakali Treaty between India and Nepal was signed in the year
(A) 1996
(B) 1999
(C) 1998
(D) 1950
Answer: (A)
11. Which among the following is considered as the master principle of war?
(A) Offensive Action
(B) Cooperation
(C) Selection and Maintenance of the Aim
(D) Concentration of Force
Answer: (C)
12. Which one of the following countries does not have strategic partnership with India?
(A) Russia
(B) Bangladesh
(C) USA
(D) Japan
Answer: (B)
13. ‘Battle of Midway’ was fought during the World War II between the following countries:
(A) Britain – France
(B) USA – Japan
(C) Russia – Germany
(D) Germany – France
Answer: (B)
14. Which of the following is not an Arms Control Treaty?
(A) CFE Treaty
(B) NAFTA
(C) ABM Treaty
(D) INF Treaty
Answer: (B)
15. The term ‘Strategy’ is derived from which of the following words?
(A) Stratosò
(B) Strategos
(C) Stratolog`as
(D) Stratotos
Answer: (B)
16. Which one of the following is not included in the determinants of National Power?
(A) Scientific and Technological Capability
(B) Civil Society
(C) Economic Strength
(D) National Will
Answer: (B)
17. ‘Brahmos’ missile is a product of Joint Defence Cooperation between the following countries:www.netugc.com
(A) India – Israel
(B) India – Russia
(C) India – France
(D) India – Germany
Answer: (B)
18. The highest peacetime honour accorded to a soldier in India is one of the following:
(A) Param Vishistha Seva Medal
(B) Ashok Chakra
(C) Ati Vishistha Seva Medal
(D) Shaurya Chakra
Answer: (B)
19. Cyber security threat is an important component of the one of the following:
(A) Psychological warfare
(B) Chemical warfare
(C) Information warfare
(D) Nuclear warfare
Answer: (C)
20. In Clausewitz’s formulation, the ultimate objective of a nation-state could be achieved by means of:
(A) Political Pressure
(B) Coercive Force
(C) Moral Force
(D) Economic Coercion
Answer: (B)
21. India and France signed Strategic Partnership in which year?
(A) 1998
(B) 2000
(C) 2011
(D) 2013
Answer: (A)
22. Who among the following thinkers, compared the internal threat as ‘lurking hood of a snake’?
(A) Kautilya
(B) G. Douhet
(C) Carl Von Clausewitz
(D) H. Mackinder
Answer: (A)
23. Who among the following argued that “India and Pakistan have brought the confidence building measures to a demeaning status ……..”?
(A) Rajiv Gandhi
(B) Atal Bihari Bajpayee
(C) Parvez Musarruf
(D) Michael Krepon
Answer: (D)
24. The problem of fundamentalism and extremism in South Asia could be tackled only when
(A) Taliban fails to succeed in getting power back in Kabul.
(B) Financial and military aid to Pakistan by USA is accounted far.
(C) Regional organization implement their commitments.
(D) Policies of counter-terrorism in South Asia are harmonized.
Answer: (D)
25. The coast guards and navies of the littoral countries in the South Asian region need to gear up their efforts to prevent the Indian Ocean from being treated as “dumping ground” due to the following threats:
(A) Oil spill disasters in the coastal zones.
(B) Sea pollution caused by coral dead zone and increasing pollutants.
(C) Global warming causing severe damage to sensitive marine eco-system and its biodiversity.
(D) All of the above mentioned in (A), (B) and (C).
Answer: (D)
26. Which of the following is a part of physical mobilization?
(A) Increase in the working hours
(B) Additional Employment
(C) Moral Mobilisation
(D) Curtailing Vacation time
Answer: (C)
27. Which one of the following is the country of origin of “Phalcon - Radar”?
(A) Israel
(B) Germany
(C) USA
(D) India
Answer: (A)
28. Who said, “Victorious warriors win first and then go to war, while defeated warriors go to war first and then seek to win.”?
(A) Liddell Hart
(B) Mao Tse Tung
(C) Kautilya
(D) San Tzu
Answer: (D)
29. Who among the following argued that “in a war of revolutionary character, guerrilla operations are a necessary part.”?
(A) A.H. Nasution
(B) V.I. Lenin
(C) Mao Tse Tung
(D) Regis Debray
Answer: (C)
30. India’s Nuclear Doctrine was announced in the year:
(A) 1999
(B) 1974
(C) 2000
(D) 1971
Answer: (A)
31. ‘Muslim Brotherhood’ as a political party belongs to which of the following countries?
(A) Iran
(B) Syria
(C) Egypt
(D) Pakistan
Answer: (C)
32. 13th Amendment in Constitution is a matter of concern between:
(A) India – Pakistan
(B) Bhutan – Nepal
(C) Sri Lanka – India
(D) India – China
Answer: (C)
33. “Senkaku island” is a disputed territory between which of the following?
(A) China – South Korea
(B) Japan – China
(C) Malaysia – Singapore
(D) Taiwan – China
Answer: (B)
34. The Code name given to India’s first nuclear explosion at Pokhran was:
(A) Lotus Smile
(B) Desert Smile
(C) Buddha Smile
(D) Flower Smile
Answer: (C)
35. The promotion of human rights, as enunciated under the UN Declaration of Human Rights, in the post-cold war situations and globalizing world could be realized, provided:
(A) There is re-distribution of power based on universal values of freedom, justice, peace and order.
(B) Economic and financial reforms in the world economy and conflict resolution and transformation on just grounds.
(C) Public-Private Partnership (PPP) for sustained development and flow of money, manpower and technology transfer to insure human security in terms of “freedom from fear” and “freedom from want”.
(D) All of the above factors given in (A), (B) and (C)
Answer: (D)
36. In which year the Money Laundering Control Act in India was implemented?
(A) 1985
(B) 1984
(C) 1986
(D) 1987
Answer: (C)
37. The origin of modern nation-state system is associated with one of the following events:
(A) Congress of Vienna
(B) Treaty of Utrecht
(C) Treaty of Westphalia
(D) World War I
Answer: (C)
38. Which one of the following is not the disputed area between India and China?
(A) Aksaichin area
(B) Arunachal Pradesh
(C) Sir Creek
(D) Noticed oil and gas exploration area in the South China Sea
Answer: (C)
39. Which one of the following US Administrations stressed that “Without question Chechnya is part of the Russian Federation”?
(A) Obama Administration
(B) Clinton Administration
(C) Bush Administration
(D) Carter Administration
Answer: (B)
40. H.Q. of International Atomic Energy Agency is located at
(A) Cairo
(B) New York
(C) Vienna
(D) Geneva
Answer: (C)
41. Choose the appropriate code for the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): IPKF failed to keep its mandate in Sri Lanka because a large number of the freedom fighters had been trained in India.
Reason (R): The LTTE enjoyed the support of the locals.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true.
(B) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(D) (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Answer: (B)
42. Match the following military operations (Table – I) with the year of their occurrence (Table – II). Use the codes given below:
Table – I (Operations) Table – II (Year)
a. Goa operations i. 1999
b. Maldives operations ii. 1961
c. Bangladesh operations iii. 1971
d. Kargil operations iv. 1988
Codes:
a b c d
(A) iv iii ii i
(B) ii iv iii i
(C) i iii iv ii
(D) iii ii i iv
Answer: (B)
43. Match the following leaders in List – I with their respective country in List – II and choose the correct code:
List – I List – II
a. Abdul Jamal Nasser i. Sri Lanka
b. Col. M. Gaddafi ii. Egypt
c. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman iii. Libya
d. Srimavo Bhandaranaike iv. Bangladesh
Codes:
a b c d
(A) ii iii iv i
(B) iii ii i iv
(C) iv i iii ii
(D) i iv ii iii
Answer: (A)
44. Arrange the following events in the correct chronological order as they occurred. Use the code given below:
(A) Arab Spring, Fukushima Nuclear Disaster, Chinese intrusion in India’s DBO sector, Yom Kippur War.
(B) Yom Kippur War, Arab Spring, Fukushima Nuclear Disaster, Chinese intrusion in India’s DBO sector.
(C) Yom Kippur War, Fukushima Nuclear Disaster, Arab Spring, Chinese intrusion in India’s DBO sector.
(D) Chinese intrusion in India’s DBO sector, Yom Kippur War, Fukushima Nuclear Disaster, Arab Spring.
Answer: (B)
45. Identify the correct code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): The adverse impacts of climate change have been noticed on agriculture and food sector, water resources, forests and bio-diversity, health, tourism and infrastructures.
Reason (R): Climate-induced disasters and other effects have caused damages and losses to life, property and livelihood.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the full interpretation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are not correct.
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (A)
46. Match the following authors (Table – I) with their respective books (Table – II). Use the codes given below:
Table – I (Author) Table – II (Books)
a. H.J. Mackinder i. Revolution in the Revolutionwww.netugc.com
b. Regis Debray ii. Guerilla Warfare
c. J.H. Nehru iii. Geographical Pivot of History
d. Che Guevara iv. Discovery of India
Codes:
a b c d
(A) i ii iii iv
(B) iv iii ii i
(C) iii iv i ii
(D) ii iii iv i
Answer: (C)
47. Identify the appropriate code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): States are a means to an end, not an end in themselves, security theories clearly need to address a changing world. This means admitting the importance of many non-military security issues, without discarding military threats.
Reason (R): This leverages to address the questions of emerging non-military/non-traditional security threats with same seriousness as defence policy, military strategy, WMD and so on.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the adequate explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are not correct.
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (A)
48. A national policy advocating the capture of some region in another country on the basis of common linguistic, cultural, historical, ethnic, or racial connections is associated with which one of the following?
(A) Nationalism
(B) Fundamentalism
(C) Irrdentism
(D) Separatism
Answer: (C)
49. Match the following NAM summits with the places of their meetings:
List – I List – II
a. 2nd Summit (1964) i. New Delhi
b. 4th Summit (1973) ii. Jakarta
c. 7th Summit (1983) iii. Algiers
d. 10th Summit (1992) iv. Cairo
Codes:
a b c d
(A) iv iii ii i
(B) iv iii i ii
(C) iii iv i ii
(D) iii ii iv i
Answer: (B)
50. Choose the appropriate code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): Military power is more than just the aggregation of personnel, equipment and weaponary.
Reason (R): Gulf war highlighted that how important is the power projection and sustainability in the modern era for military effectiveness.
Codes:
(A) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(C) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Answer: (D)
51. Choose the appropriate code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): The management of conflicts in society is one of the primary and enduring responsibilities of government.
Reason (R): Peacekeeping has become one of the prominent strategies for resolving conflicts among the global community.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(D) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
Answer: (C)
52. Arrange the following agreements in its chronological order as they were signed. Use the correct code:
(i) Shimla Agreement
(ii) Panchsheel Agreement
(iii) Indo-US Nuclear Deal
(iv) Tashkent Agreement
(A) (i), (iii), (ii), (iv)
(B) (ii), (iv), (i), (iv)
(C) (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)
(D) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)
Answer: (B)
53. Who among the following is the Chairman of N.D.M.A.?
(A) Environment Minister
(B) Home Minister
(C) Prime Minister
(D) Defence Minister
Answer: (C)
54. The term ‘Atom for Peace’ was coined by:
(A) John F. Kennedy
(B) Joseph Stalin
(C) D. Eisenhower
(D) Mahatma Gandhi
Answer: (C)
55. Which one of the following elements does not contribute to the escalation of defence expenditure?
(A) Existing military – industrial complexes
(B) Arms race
(C) Military modernization programmes
(D) Defence budgeting process
Answer: (D)
56. The process by which conflicts such as ethnic conflicts are changed into peaceful outcomes are known as
(A) Conflict Management
(B) Conflict Transformation
(C) Conflict Prevention
(D) Conflict Resolution
Answer: (B)
57. Identify the correct code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): Given the global recession in the world economy and emerging financial crisis, if viable steps are not taken to implement economic reforms, India will be left with 3D options : debt default, devaluation and deflation. In India, devaluation is happening and deflation could be about to start and debt default is highly unlikely.
Reason (R): As a result, India would remain hard pressed to carry on its planning, programming and budgeting for defence and development in the long term perspective.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are not correct.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (B)
58. The satellite GSAT-7 launched by India will be used for which of the following purposes?
(A) Environmental purposes
(B) Military purposes
(C) Communication purposes
(D) Space Exploration purposes
Answer: (B)
59. Match the following planes given in Table-I with their country of origin in Table-II from the code given below:
Table-I (Planes) Table-II (Country)
a. MIG i. Britain
b. Mirage 2000 ii. USA
c. Hercules iii. France
d. GNAT iv. Russia
Codes:
a b c d
(A) ii i iv iii
(B) iii iv ii i
(C) iv iii ii i
(D) i iv ii iii
Answer: (C)
60. Choose the appropriate code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): Defence diplomacy serves specific national foreign and security policy objectives, in varying degrees.
Reason (R): In the context of global and regional strategic engagement, it creates sustainable cooperative relationships, thereby building trust and facilitating conflict prevention.
Codes:
(A) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(C) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Answer: (B)
61. Match the following peace treaties that resulted in ending of wars:
List – I List – II
a. Peace of Hamburg i. 30 years War
b. Treaty of Westaphalia ii. World War I
c. Treaty of Versailles iii. Bosnian War
d. Dayton Agreement iv. Anti-Danish War
Codes:
a b c d
(A) iv iii ii i
(B) iv i ii iii
(C) iv i iii ii
(D) i ii iii iv
Answer: (B)
62. Which one of the following is not a strategic theory related to nuclear weapons?
(A) Nuclear Winter
(B) Massive Retaliation
(C) Flexible Response
(D) Attrition
Answer: (D)
63. Abbotabad military academy of Pakistan is located at
(A) Islamabad
(B) Lahore
(C) Karachi
(D) Dhaka
Answer: (A)
64. Choose the appropriate code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): Guerilla warfare, the basis of the struggle of people to redeem itself, has diverse characteristics, different facets, even though the essential will for liberation remains the same.
Reason (R): In India, Shivaji is known as the father of Guerilla warfare.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Answer: (A)
65. Choose the appropriate code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): There is little mismatch between the requirements of the Indian armed forces and the output of DRDO.
Reason (R): Perfect matching between defence requirements and defence production depends on the incorporation of contemporary technologies.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is the partial explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are not correct.
(C) (R) is the proper explanation of (A).
(D) (R) is not the proper explanation of (A).
Answer: (A)
66. Choose the appropriate code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): The nation-state formulates its ‘security perception’ on the basis of its geo-strategic location, its neighbourhood and its power potential.
Reason (R): The common citizen in India, by enlarge, lack security awareness because of lack of security orientation.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the appropriate explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are not correct.
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is partially untrue.
(D) (R) is true, but (A) is partially incorrect.
Answer: (A)
67. Identify the correct code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): In the realm of arms, one nation’s common sense acts as high-blood pressure for the other. For instance, the US arms create fear in Russia and the Russian arms create fear in the United States. By seeking to deter each other by military might, they have inevitably plunged the world into an arms race.
Reason (R): Arms race is not conducive to peace and security in a changing global strategic scenario.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the comprehensive explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are not correct.
(C) (A) is not correct, but (R) is correct.
(D) (A) is correct, but (R) is not correct.
Answer: (A)
68. Match the following revolutionaries (Table-I) with their respective countries (Table-II) by using the correct code given below:
Table – I Table – II
a. Che Guevara i. India
b. Mao-Tse Tung ii. Vietnam
c. Bhagat Singh iii. Argentina
d. Ho Chi Minh iv. China
Codes:
a b c d
(A) iii iv i ii
(B) iv iii ii i
(C) iii iv ii i
(D) ii iv i iii
Answer: (A)
69. Match the boundary lines given in List-I with their related countries given in List-II and choose the appropriate code:
List – I List – II
a. Durand line i. India & Afghanistan
b. Maginot line ii. France & Germany
c. 49th Parallel iii. USA & Canada
d. 38th Parallel iv. Two Koreas
Codes:
a b c d
(A) i ii iii iv
(B) iv iii ii i
(C) ii i iv iii
(D) iii iv i ii
Answer: (A)
70. Identify the appropriate code for Assertion (A) and Reason (R) as given below:
Assertion (A): There is no victory in a limited war unless the objectives are defined in the opening round of conflict.
Reason (R): In case of the nuclear exchange, the dangers of escalation would not keep the war limited.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are not correct.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) in all cases.
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is not correct.
(D) (A) is not correct, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (B)
Read the passage below and answer the following questions that are based on your understanding of the passage.
Sun Tzu’s goal in writing the “Art of
War” was not to glamorize warfare but to instruct military thinkers and leaders in the best way to end an armed conflict as rapidly as possible or even better to prevent the outbreak of war in the first place. When Sun Tzu spoke of victory, this is what he meant-the prevention or quick resolution of conflict, not the conquering of your opponent.
For Sun Tzu, the fundamental mechanism to ending conflict is to achieve a massive imbalance of power and resources over your opponent, and then to leverage that imbalance so skilfully and decisively that your foe is utterly overwhelmed and chooses to surrender rather than fight.
Despite the book’s title, it is more about wisdom than about combat.
(a) Those who win every battle are not really skilful – those who render other’s armies helpless without fighting are the best of all.
(b) So the rule is not to count on opponents not coming but to rely on having ways of dealing with them.
(c) Anger can revert to joy, wrath can revert to delight, but a nation destroyed cannot be restored to existence, and the dead cannot be restored to life.
71. The book “Art of War” was written to
(A) Glamorize Warfare
(B) Denounce Warfare
(C) Popularize Warfare
(D) Summarize Warfare
Answer: (B)www.netugc.com
72. For conflict termination, Sun Tzu advocated the mechanism which concentrates on
(A) Creation of massive imbalance of power
(B) Decisive victory
(C) Adversary’s military weaknesses
(D) Persuasive power
Answer: (A)
73. According to the book, who is a successful military commander?
(A) One who compels the enemy to surrender.
(B) One who destroys the enemy.
(C) One who demoralizes the opponent.
(D) One who makes the enemy to withdraw.
Answer: (A)
74. Sun Tzu advocates that war is a necessary evil but it should be avoided, as far as possible because
(A) Material losses could be compensated but human losses are beyond compensation.
(B) National objectives could be achieved by other means.
(C) War does not result in permanent solution.
(D) The concepts of war and nation building are contradictory.
Answer: (A)
75. The title of Sun Tzu’s book “The Art of War” seems to be misleadving because:
(A) It lays more emphasis on the philosophical aspects of war than combat principles.
(B) It concentrates more on the wisdom of combat than on the actual combat.
(C) It suggests the ways of conflict resolution than on the strategies of war.
(D) It gives more attention to the consequences of armed conflict than on its professional aspects.
Answer: (D)