2013 June UGC NET Solved Question Paper in Anthropology Paper 3
1. Who of the following wrote the book, ‘Cultural Materialism’?
(A) Raymond Firth
(B) Sir James Frazer
(C) Oscar Lewis
(D) Marvin Harris
Answer: (D)
2. In which year the First Public Notification on the ‘Scheduled Tribes’ was issued?
(A) 1950
(B) 1951
(C) 1952
(D) 1953
Answer: (A)
3. The term ‘Scheduled Tribes’ was inserted in the Constitution vide
(A) Article 342(i)
(B) Article 244(i)
(C) Article 275
(D) Article 330
Answer: (A)
4. A family consisting of a married couple and their unmarried children is known as
(A) Joint family
(B) Extended family
(C) Nuclear family
(D) None of the above
Answer: (C)
5. Who, among the following, is an anthropologist?
(A) Herbert Spencer
(B) Edward B. Tylor
(C) Lewis Morgan
(D) Julian Huxley
Answer: (B)
6. Who was the first anthropologist to use expression of “social network’?
(A) J. Clyde Mitchell
(B) John Barner
(C) Fredrik Barth
(D) Max Ghickman
Answer: (B)
7. Which of the following is used for amplification of DNA in the process of DNA finger printing?
(A) Southern blotting
(B) Northern blotting
(C) Polymerase chain reaction
(D) Western blotting
Answer: (C)
8. Alkaptonuria is due to the deficiency of
(A) Phenylalanine hydroxylase
(B) Homogentisate oxidase
(C) β-N acetyl hexosaminidase
(D) Galactose 1-phosphate uridyl transferase
Answer: (B)
9. Who among the following made aremarkable contribution in the field of dermatoglyphics?
(A) J.D. Mavalwalla
(B) Cummins and Midlo
(C) Francis Galton
(D) All of the above
Answer: (D)
10. Mongolism is seen in
(A) Down’s syndrome
(B) Turner’s syndrome
(C) Edward’s syndrome
(D) Cri-du-chat syndrome
Answer: (A)
11. The phenomenon of one gene influencing more than one character is known as
(A) Penetrance
(B) Pleiotropism
(C) Expressivity
(D) Heterosis
Answer: (B)
12. Sickle cell trait/anaemia is a result of mutation in the
(A) Beta-chain
(B) Delta-chain
(C) Alpha-chain
(D) Epsilon-chain
Answer: (A)
13. The approach to ‘New Archaeology’ was propounded by
(A) V. Gordon Childe
(B) Graham Clark
(C) L.R. Binfordwww.netugc.com
(D) D.L. Clarke
Answer: (C)
14. The Sohan culture of North-westernIndia is characterised by
(A) Ground and polished tools.
(B) Pebble dominated stone tool industry.
(C) Flake dominated stone tool industry.
(D) Blade dominated stone tool industry.
Answer: (B)
15. In which of the following sites the blade tools are associated with ostrich egg shells?
(A) Renigunta in Andhra Pradesh
(B) Buddha Pushkar Lake in Rajasthan
(C) Patne in Maharashtra
(D) Mahadaha in Uttar Pradesh
Answer: (C)
16. Which of the following are the ideal characteristics of a tribe?
(i) Oral Tradition
(ii) Animism
(iii) Territoriality
(iv) Barter
Codes:
(A) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.
(B) (i),(ii) and (iii) are correct.
(C) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.
(D) (ii), (iii) are (iv) are correct.
Answer: (A)
17. Which of the following books are authored by Levi-Strauss?
I. Myth and Meaning
II. Primitive Classification
III. Elementary Forms of the Religious Life
IV. Structural Anthropology
Codes:
(A) I, II and III are correct.
(B) II and IV are correct.
(C) I and IV are correct.
(D) All are correct.
Answer: (C)
18. Which of the following statements apply to the class system?
I. A class does not rely on an ideology of blood.
II. It represents a bounded system and does not cut across other forms of social organization.
III. A class is recognised by one’s relationship to the means of production.
IV. Class distinctions can be maintained through ‘Patron client’ relations.
Codes:
(A) I and II are correct.
(B) II and III are correct.
(C) I, III and IV are correct.
(D) II, III and IV are correct.
Answer: (C)
19. Which of the following are the modes of acquiring wife?
I. Progeny price
II. Suitor service
III. Gift exchange
IV. Marriage by capture
Codes:
(A) I and IV are correct.
(B) II and III are correct.
(C) All are correct.
(D) I and II are correct.
Answer: (C)
20. Who among the following are ethno medical specialists?
(i) Shaman
(ii) Bone-setter
(iii) Mid-wife
(iv) Witches
Codes:
(A) (ii),(iii) and (iv) are correct.
(B) (i),(ii) and (iii) are correct.
(C) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct.
(D) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.
Answer: (B)
21. Which of the following form the bases for classifying tribes as particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (earlier called as Primitive Tribal Groups)?
(i) Religion
(ii) Stagnant or declining population
(iii) Low level of literacy
(iv) Sex-ratio
Codes:
(A) (i) and (ii) are correct.
(B) (ii) and (iii) are correct.
(C) (iii) and (iv) are correct.
(D) (i) and (iv) are correct.
Answer: (B)
22. To attain bipedal gait and erect posture the anatomical changes occurring in man’s pelvis and lower limbs were
(A) Shortening and broadening of ilium.
(B) Development of linea aspera.
(C) Enlargement of femoral condyles.
(D) All of the above.
Answer: (D)
23. Factors which tend to change gene frequencies are
(A) Natural selection and Mutation.
(B) Migration and Genetic drift.
(C) Random mating.
(D) Both (A) and (B).
Answer: (D)
24. Electrophoresis technique can be employed to study polymorphism in
(A) Blood groups, Serum proteins, Red cell enzymes, genomic DNA.
(B) Blood groups, Serum proteins, Genomic DNA, Red cell enzymes.
(C) Serum proteins, Red cellenzymes, Genomic DNA,Blood groups.
(D) Blood groups, Genomic DNA, Red cell enzymes, Serum proteins.
Answer: (No option is correct)
25. All of the following statements about homologous chromosomes are true except one:
(A) One of each pair of homologous chromosomes comes from each parent.
(B) The alleles on homologous chromosomes are identical to each other.
(C) They have genes for the same traits at the same loci.
(D) Homologous chromosomes physically pair up and may exchange parts during meiosis.
Answer: (B)
26. Which of the following statements is correct?
(A) Concordant twins do not have similar traits.
(B) One condition for maintaining genetic equilibrium is large population size.
(C) Inbreeding results in increased heterozygosity.
(D) Genetic drift occurs in large population.
Answer: (B)
27. The three primary races of mankind are
(A) Caucasoids, Mongoloids, Negroids
(B) Caucasoids, Australoids, Negroids
(C) Mongoloids, Negroids, Australoids
(D) Negroids, Australoids, Bantu
Answer: (A)
28. Find out the West Asian Neolithic sites from the enlisted
1. Jericho
2. Spirit cave
3. Catal Huyuk
4. Banchiang
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 1 and 4
(D) All the above
Answer: (B)
29. The Sarai Nahar Rai archaeological site in the Ganga Valley is characterised by the evidences of
1. Human Burialswww.netugc.com
2. Pottery
3. Copper tools
4. Geometric Microliths
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) Only 3
(C) 1, 2 and 4
(D) All the above
Answer: (C)
30. Which of the following evidencescharacterise the Harappan cultures?
1. Seals
2. Fire Altars
3. Coins
4. Terracottas
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2 are correct.
(B) 2 and 3 are correct.
(C) 3 and 4 are correct.
(D) 1, 2 and 4 are correct.
Answer: (D)
31. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The conceptual usefulness of the term ‘ethnicity’ gets reduced because of its flexibility.
Reason (R): It is used to refer to groups in all sorts of different situations.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) Both(A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (A)
32. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Kinship is essentially based on the principle of biology and therefore Kinship as a social phenomenon needs to be explained in terms of biology.
Reason (R): Persons in every society are more closely related to their consanguineal Kin rather than to their affinal Kin giving no scope for the latter to be socially active.
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct statements, but (R) is not the correct explanation.
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(D) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (B)
33. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The peasant society produces surpluses with a highly developed agricultural technology.
Reason (R): It has the capacity to produce, store and preserve food.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (C)
34. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The most importantkind of social group based onKinship is the community.
Reason (R): Villages everywhere fall or function below the level of community.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (C)
35. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): For a minority group identity could be a liability.
Reason (R): Minority groups are unable to form ethnic boundaries.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (B)
36. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Millenary movements organised by the American Indians in the late eighteenth century sought to provide an explanation for and a solution to the problems faced by the society.
Reason (R): American Indians suffered the loss of their lands, their livelihoods, and as much as nine-tenths of their population.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (A)
37. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): One of the most striking changes in patterns of growth is the secular trend in growth observed in industrialized countries.
Reason (R): The secular trend in human growth is the result of better nutrition and better health care.
Codes:
(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
(B) (A) is incorrect and (R) is correct.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
Answer: (C)
38. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The presence of Duffy blood group antigens Fya and Fyb facilitate the entry of malaria causing protozoans.
Reason (R): Duffy-negative individuals are resistant to Plasmodium vivax.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
(D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (B)
39. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Consumption of high fat diet is associated with Cardio vascular diseases.
Reason (R): The level of cholesterol has no impact on the onset of cardio vascular diseases.
Codes:
(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
(B) (R) is correct, but (A) is incorrect.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
Answer: (A)
40. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): HLA is a part of the major histocompatibility complex.
Reason (R): This system has wide medical application and is used in organ transplantation.
Codes:
(A) (R) is correct, but (A) is incorrect.
(B) Both (A) & (R) are incorrect.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(D) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
Answer: (C)
41. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Heritability studies constitute an important part of quantitative genetics.
Reason (R): Twin studies are not used in heritable study.
Codes:
(A) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
(B) (R) is incorrect, but (A) is correct.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
Answer: (B)
42. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): All Indian populations possess brachycephalic head.
Reason (R): Mongoloids do not possess brachycephalic head.
Codes:
(A) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(B) (R) is true, but (A) is false.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are true.
Answer: (C)
43. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The Indian Megalithic culture is characterised by several burial types.
Reason (R): The plurality of burial types was due to the biophysical characters of people, their languages and case segregations.
On the basis of the above, choose the correct answer:
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (B)
44. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The Australopithecines of Africa were the practitioners of ‘Osteo-Dento Keratic’ culture.
Reason (R): The on-set of the Pleistocene climatic conditions brought in depletion of woodland forests to Savannahs, where the ‘prey predator’ relations provided an opportunity to practice ‘Osteo- Dento-Keratic’ culture.
On the basis of the above, choose the correct answer:
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (A)
45. Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): The Indian tribal cultures are of great help in drawing analogies and parallels for ethno archaeological understandings.
Reason (R): The pre-agricultural technologies are still prevalent among the tribal economies occupying the hill tract and forested environments.
On the basis of the above, choose the correct answer:
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (A)
46. Who among the following could be regarded as a pioneer in the field of village studies in India?
(A) L.P. Vidyarthi
(B) N.K. Bose
(C) D.N. Majumdar
(D) S.C. Dube
Answer: (D)
47. Give the correct sequence of the following stages about illness:
I. The symptoms experience stage.
II. The medical care contact stage.
III. The dependent-patient role stage.
IV. The rehabilitation state.
Codes:
(A) I, III, IV, II
(B) II, I, III, IV
(C) II, III, I, IV
(D) I, II, III, IV
Answer: (D)
48. Identify the correct sequence of Purusharthas in Hindu tradition.
(A) Dharma – Artha – Kama – Moksha.
(B) Dharma – Artha – Moksha – Kama.
(C) Moksha – Kama – Artha – Dharma.
(D) Artha – Kama – Moksha – Dharma.
Answer: (A)
49. Arrange the following concepts in order in which they appeared, use the codes given below:
I. Apollonian: Dionysian cultures by Ruth Benedict.
II. Common kinship: Common territory by Lewis H. Morgan.
III. Tradition: Modernity by Max Weber.
IV. Mechanical solidarity: Organic solidarity by Emile Durkheim.
Codes:
(A) I, II, IV, III
(B) II, I, III, IV
(C) II, IV, I, III
(D) II, III, IV, I
Answer: (D)
50. Arrange the following tribes in an ascending order on the basis of their size and range of distribution:
I. The Jarania
II. The Santal
III. The Birhor
IV. The Ao Naga
Codes:
(A) III, I, IV, II
(B) I, IV, II, III
(C) I, III, II, IV
(D) I, III, IV, II
Answer: (No option is correct)
51. The following is a list of types of historical research in Cultural Anthropology. Arrange them in terms of scale and dimension:
I. Controlled comparison
II. Ethno-history
III. Between-culture comparison on a limited scale
IV. Cross-historical research
Codes:
(A) IV, I, II, III
(B) II, IV, I, III
(C) II, IV, III, I
(D) II, III, I, IV
Answer: (D)
52. Identify the correct sequence of deciduous dention in man:
(A) 2 Incisors, 0 Canines, 1 Premolar, 2 Molars.
(B) 1 Incisor, 1 Canine, 2 Premolars, 1 Molar.
(C) 2 Incisors, 1 Canine, 1 Premolar, 1 Molar.
(D) 2 Incisors, 1 Canine, 0 Premolar, 2 Molars.
Answer: (D)
53. Identify the correct sequence of the following primates in ascending order of their cranial capacity
(A) Gibbon → Chimpanzee → Gorilla → Human.
(B) Gorilla → Chimpanzee → Gibbon → Human.
(C) Gibbon → Chimpanzee → Human → Gorilla.
(D) Chimpanzee → Gorilla → Gibbon → Human.
Answer: (A)
54. Arrange the following land mark publications of anthropological importance in the order of their year of publication:
(i) Linguistic Survey of India – Grierson, G.A.
(ii) The People of India – Risley, H.H.
(iii) The Racial Affinities of the People of India-Guha, B.S.
(iv) The Aboriginal Races of India- Sarkar, S.S.
Codes:
(A) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
(B) (i), (iii), (ii), (iv)
(C) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)
(D) (iv), (i), (ii), (iii)
Answer: (C)
55. Arrange the following human identification methods and techniques in the chronological order:
(A) Bertillon method – Finger prints – Haemogenetic methods – DNA finger printing.
(B) DNA finger printing – Haemogenetic methods – Finger prints – Bertillon method.
(C) Haemogenetic methods – Finger prints – Bertillon method – DNA finger printing.
(D) Finger prints – Bertillon method – Haemogenetic methods – DNA finger printing.
Answer: (D)
56. Arrange the following fossil finds in the order of their discoveries:
(A) Neanderthal man – Australopithecus – Java man – Homohabilis.
(B) Homohabilis – Australopithecus – Java man – Neanderthal man
(C) Neanderthal man – Java man – Australopithecus – Homohabilis.
(D) Java man – Neanderthal man – Australopithecus – Homohabilis.
Answer: (C)
57. Identify the correct sequence of Somatotypic techniques in order of their proponents.
(A) Kretchmer – Sheldon – Parnoll – Heath-Carter.
(B) Sheldon – Kretchmer – Parnoll – Heath-Carter.
(C) Heath-Carter – Kretchmer – Parnoll – Sheldon.
(D) Sheldon – Parnoll – Heath- Carter – Kretchmer.
Answer: (A)
58. Arrange the tool-types in progressive technological scheme.
(A) Abbevillian – Acheulean – Backed blade – Levalloise point.
(B) Abbevillian – Acheulean – Levalloise point – Backed blade.
(C) Acheulean – Abbevillian – Levalloise point – Backed blade.
(D) Acheulean – Levalloise point – Backed blade – Abbevillian.
Answer: (B)
59. The tasks of an archaeologist in sequential order are:
(A) Exploration – Excavation – Conservation – Preservation.
(B) Exploration – Conservation – Excavation – Preservation.
(C) Excavation – Preservation – Conservation – Exploration.
(D) Excavation – Conservation – Preservation – Exploration.
Answer: (A)
60. Arrange the Indian Cultural phases in ascending chronological order:
(A) Neolithic – Chalcolithic – Megalithic – NBP culture.
(B) Megalithic – Chalcolithic – Neolithic – NBP culture.
(C) Chalcolithic – Neolithic – NBP culture – Megalithic.
(D) NBP culture – Neolithic – Chalcolithic – Megalithic.
Answer: (A)
61. Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) G. Chattopadhyay (i) Gopalpur
(b) L.P. Vidyarthi (ii) Shamirpet
(c) S.C. Dubey (iii) Ghaghar
(d) Alan Beals (iv) Ranjana
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(B) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
(C) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(D) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
Answer: (A)
62. Match an item in List-I with an itemin List-II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Systematic sampling (i) An item in the study population
(b) Sampling unit (ii) Probability sampling
(c) Snow-ball sampling (iii) Nonprobability sampling
(d) Sampling frame (iv) List of units of analysis
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(B) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(C) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(D) (iv) (ii) (iii) (i)
Answer: (B)
63. Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Kenneth Pike (i) Universalization and Parochialization
(b) M.N. Srinivas (ii) Etic and Emic
(c) Mc Kim Marriot (iii) Dominant Caste
(d) L.P. Vidyarthi (iv) Nature-Man-Spirit complex
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(B) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
(C) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(D) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
Answer: (C)
64. Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Comparative approach to kin systems (i) Lewis H. Morgan
(b) Structural approach to myth (ii) Claude Levi- Strauss
(c) Theory of needs (iii) Victor Turnerwww.netugc.com
(d) Concept of social drama (iv) Bronislaw Malinowski
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(B) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
(C) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(D) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
Answer: (B)
65. Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II, Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Electrophoresis (i) Cytogenetic
(b) Biometry (ii) Biochemical genetics
(c) FISH Technique (iii) Facial reconstruction
(d) DNA Sequencing (iv) Molecular genetics
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(B) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
(C) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(D) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
Answer: (A)
66. Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II with respect to the Denver classification of human chromosomes.
Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) A (i) 4 and 5
(b) B (ii) 1 and 3
(c) C (iii) X, 6, 7 and 8 to 12
(d) D (iv) 13 to 15
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(B) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
(C) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(D) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Answer: (A)
67. Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II.
List – I List – II
(a) Sewell- Wright effect (i) The random fluctuations in allele frequencies over generation in small population.
(b) Allen’s rule (ii) The body size of the individuals usually increases with the decreasing near temperature of its habitat.
(c) Hardy- Weinberg law (iii) With decreasing environmental temperature the size of the protruding organs of warm blooded animals increases.
(d) Bregmann’s rule (iv) In large populations where no external evolutionary forces are operating the allele frequency remains stable over generations.
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(B) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(C) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
(D) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
Answer: (A)
68. Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Anagenesis (i) Evolution through the branching of a species or a lineage.
(b) Cladogenesis (ii) Speciation occurring via geographic isolation.
(c) Allopatric Speciation (iii) Speciation occurring when two population have continuous distributions and some phenotypes are more favourable than others.
(d) Parapatric Speciation (iv) Evolution of a triat or a species into another over a period of time.
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(B) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
(C) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(D) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
Answer: (A)
69. Match the animal remains unearthed from prehistoric sites against their cultural stages. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Horse (i) Palaeolithic
(b) Dog (ii) Mesolithic
(c) Rhino (iii) Neolithic
(d) Cattle (iv) Megalithic
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(B) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(C) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(D) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
Answer: (A)
70. Match the Art-form in List-I with the type or location in List-II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Venus of Villandorf (i) On Ceilings of Caves
(b) Polychrome Paintings (ii) A Carved antler
(c) Baten de Commandment (iii) On Cave walls
(d) Palm Stencils (iv) A Sculptural Figurine
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(B) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
(C) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(D) (i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
Answer: (No option is correct)
Read the following text and choose/pick the correct answer in each of the following questions:(Q. Nos. 71 to 75).
By the beginning of the 21st Century the AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) had become the leading infectious cause of death in the world. Since its inception/emergence several decades ago, more than 60 million people worldwide have been infected with HIV. In 2001 alone AIDS claimed 3 million lives, or over 8,200 people each day. Tragically, 95 percent of all new AIDS cases are occurring in the poorest countries that are least equipped to handle the epidemic. The situation is most grim in the continent of Africa, where AIDS is erasing decades of progress in life-expectancy.
The AIDS epidemic is particularly difficult to get under control for several reasons. First, the disease attacks the human immune system, one of the most complex and inadequately understood systems of the body. Second, the group of viruses thought to cause the disease are so poorly understood that a chemical cure is not likely to found in the immediate future. Thus, the biological factors in solving the AIDS threat are highly complex.
Efforts to stem the epidemic arefurther complicated by cultural factors. That is, the high-risk populations (intravenous drug users and prostitutes) are not visible sub-cultures. This creates additional problems of programmes of AIDS prevention until a vaccine for AIDS is developed; education remains the best strategy for reducing the spread of the disease. Because AIDS is sexually transmitted, the world’s populations must learn as much as possible about how to avoid contracting the disease.
71. HIV-AIDS is a
(A) A water-borne disease
(B) An infectious disease
(C) An archaic disease
(D) An inherited disease
Answer: (B)
72. The AIDS has been
(A) Reducing the GDP in African countries.
(B) Hindering the growth of economy.
(C) Intervening in the life expectancy.
(D) Affecting the development of African countries.
Answer: (C)
73. The difficulty in controlling the AIDS is because of
1. Inadequacy in understanding the human immune system.
2. Incomplete understanding of the inheritance pattern of HIVAIDS in humans.
3. Lack of understanding of the structural properties of the virus.
4. The religious misconception about HIV-AIDS.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 2 and 4
(C) 1 and 3
(D) 3 and 4
Answer: (C)
74. The main problem encountered in control and prevention of AIDS is
1. The social stigma attached to drug addicts.
2. The social stigma attached to prostitution.
3. The invisibility of the disease.
4. The cultural acceptance of HIV-AIDS patients.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 2 and 3
(C) 3 and 4
(D) All of the above
Answer: (A)
75. In the absence of vaccine on AIDS, which method of the following is the best alternative?
(A) Sensitising the Medical and Health personnel.
(B) Conducting special Medical camps.
(C) Educating the people on the spread of AIDS.
(D) Promotion of gender-based education.
Answer: (C)