Unit – VI: Introduction of High – level Programming Language, Introduction of data in C. Operators and its precedence, Various data types in C, Storage classes in C, Decision-making and forming loop in program, Handling character, Arrays in C, Structure and union, User defined function, Pointers in C, Advanced pointer. Pointer to structures, pointer to functions, Dynamic data structure, file handling in C, Command line argument, Graphics-video modes, video adapters, Drawing various objects on screen, Interfacing to external hardware via serial/parallel port using C, Applying C to electronic circuit problems. Introduction to object-oriented Programming and C++.

Introduction of FORTRAN language, programming discipline, statements to write a program, intrinsic functions, integer-type data, type statement, IF statement, Data validation, Format-directed input and output. Subscripted variables and DO loops. Array, Fortran Subprogram.

Unit – VII: Maxwell’s equations, Time varying fields, Wave equation and its solution, Rectangular waveguide, Propagation of wave in ionosphere, Poynting vector, Antenna parameters, Half-wave antenna, Transmission lines, Characteristic of Impedance matching, Smith chart, Microwave components-T, Magic – T, Tuner. Circulator isolator, Direction couplers, Sources-Reflex Klystron, Principle of operation of Magnetron, Solid State Microwave devices; Basic Theory of Gunn, GaAs FET, Crystal Defector and PIN diode for detection of microwaves.www.netugc.com

Unit – VIII: Basic principles of amplitude, frequency and phase modulation, Demodulation, Intermediate frequency and principle of superheterodyne receiver, Spectral analysis and signal transmission through linear systems, Random signals and noise, Noise temperature and noise figure. Basic concepts of information theory, Digital modulation and Demodulation; PM, PCM, ASK, FSK, PSK, Time-division Multiplexing, Frequency-Division Multiplexing, Data Communications-Circuits, Codes and Modems. Basic concepts of signal processing and digital filters.

Unit – IX (a): Characteristics of solid state power devices – SCR, Triac, UJT, Triggering circuits, converters, choppers, inverters, converters. AC-regulators, speed control of a.c. and d.c. motors.

Stepper and synchronous motors; Three phase controlled rectifier; Switch mode power supply; Uninterrupted power supply.

Unit – IX (b): Optical sources – LED, Spontaneous emission, Stimulated emission, Semiconductor Diode LASER, Photodeteetors – p – n photodiode. PIN photodiode, Phototransistors, Optocouplers, Solar cells, Display devices, Optical Fibres-Light propagation in fibre, Types of fibre, Characteristic parameters, Modes, Fibre splicing, Fibre optic communication system-coupling to and from the fibre, Modulation, Multiplexing and coding, Repeaters, Bandwidth and Rise time budgets.

Unit – X (a): Transduces – Resistance, Inductance Capacitance, Peizoelectric, Thermoelectric, Hall effect, Photoelectric, Techogenerators, Measurement of displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, torque, strain, speed and sound temperature, pressure, flow, humidity, thickness, pH, position.

Measuring Equipment-Measurement of R, L and C, Bridge and Potentiometers, voltage, current, power, energy, frequency / time, phase, DVMs, DMMs, CRO, Digital storage oscilloscope, Logic probes, Logic State Analyser, Spectrum Analyzer, Recorder, Noise and Interference in instrumentation, Instrumentation amplifiers, Radio Telemetry.

Analytical Instruments – Biomedical instruments – ECG, blood pressure measurements, spectrophotometers, Electron Microscope, X-ray diffractometer.

Unit – X (b): Open – loop and close-loop control system. Error amplifier, on – off controller, Proportional (P), Proportional-Integral (PI), Proportional – Derivative (PD), PID controllers, Dynamic Behaviour of control systems-servomechanism characteristics parameters of control systems-Accuracy, Sensitivity, Disturbances, Transient response, Stability, Rputh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode plots, Nyquist criterion, Controlling speed. Temperature and position using analog / digital control circuits.

Electronic Science: Electronics means the devices including active (amplifying) electrical components. Electronics deals with electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection technologies. Commonly, electronic devices contain circuitry consisting primarily or exclusively of active semiconductors supplemented with passive elements; such a circuit is described as an electronic circuit. The nonlinear behaviour of active components and their ability to control electron flows makes amplification of weak signals possible and electronics is widely used in information processing, telecommunication, and signal processing. The ability of electronic devices to act as switches makes digital information processing possible. Interconnection technologies such as circuit boards, electronics packaging technology, and other varied forms of communication infrastructure complete circuit functionality and transform the mixed components into a regular working system.

About UGC NET in Electronic Science