11. Assertion – I: Sound changes cannot be observed while it is in progress.

Assertion – II: Sound change can be observed after it accumulates for over a long period.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are true.

(B) Both I and II are false.

(C) I is true, II is false.

(D) I is false, II is true.

Answer: (A)

 

12. A non-finite verb form whose main function is to mark adverbial subordination is

(A) Past Participle

(B) Present Participle

(C) Conjunctive Participle

(D) Future Participle

Answer: (C)

 

13. “Santhali”, “Mundari” and “Kuruku” belong to which of the following group of Munda family of languages of South Asia?

(A) North Munda

(B) South Munda

(C) Central Munda

(D) Koraput Munda

Answer: (A)

 

14. Assertion – I: Greenberg’s first major publication on language universal’s proposed a series of universals of word order and morphological categories.

Assertion – II: Greenberg’s typological approach is often compared to the generative approach of Noam Chomsky.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are true.

(B) Both I and II are false.

(C) I is true, but II is false.

(D) I is false, but II is true.

Answer: (A)

 

15. Assertion – I: The ultimate goals of typology are to ascertain the ways in which languages are similar in structure and to determine how different human languages can be.

Assertion – II: Typology is not a theory of language structure.

Codes:

(A) I is true but II is false.

(B) I is false, but II is true.

(C) Both I and II are false.

(D) Both I and II are true.

Answer: (A)

 

16. Assertion – I: Often reduplication has an augmentative meaning.

Assertion – II: It signals an increase in size, frequency or intensity.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are false.

(B) Both I and II are true.

(C) I is true and II is false.

(D) I is false and II is true.

Answer: (B)

 

17. Match the items in “List – I” with “List – II” and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                        List – II

i. Isolating                   a. Each grammatical category is represented by a separate word.

ii. Polysynthetic          b. Words are divided into separate segments with separate grammatical functions.

iii. Agglutinative         c. There is a pattern of incorporation or in which affixes realize a range of semantic categories.

iv. Fusional                  d. There is no clear boundary within the word.

Codes:

      a b c d

(A) i ii iii iv

(B) i iii ii iv

(C) i iv ii iii

(D) iv iii ii i

Answer: (B)

 

18. Assertion (A): In GB theory, all lexical categories are phrasal categories.

Reason (R): INFL is not a lexical category, but a phrasal category.

Codes:

(A) (A) is true, (R) is true.

(B) (A) is true, (R) is false.

(C) (A) is false, (R) is true.

(D) Both (A) and (R) are false.

Answer: (A)

 

19. The subject NP of the sentence ‘The former president of the island paradise of utopia smokes’ is

(A) The former president

(B) The former president of the island

(C) The former president of the island paradise of utopia

(D) The former president of the island paradise

Answer: (C)

 

20. The sentence ‘which have you seen?’ is derived by

(A) NP-movement

(B) Head movement

(C) Head to head movement

(D) Wh-movement

Answer: (D)

21. Assertion – I: Acquiring a language involves two distinct skills: the ability to produce speech in a spontaneous way; and the ability to understand the speech of others.www.netugc.com

Assertion – II: The traditional comprehension view is that comprehension does not always proceed production.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are false.

(B) Both I and II are true.

(C) I is true, II is false.

(D) I is false, II is true.

Answer: (C)

 

22. An approach to language teaching that focuses on language functions and communicative competence is named as

(A) Grammatical approach

(B) Functional approach

(C) Communicative approach

(D) Linguistic approach

Answer: (C)

 

23. Critical literacy is strongly associated with the work of

(A) Hodge and Kress

(B) Clark and Ivanic

(C) Widdowson

(D) Pant preire

Answer: (D)

 

24. Communication between members of different cultural groups, who may bring different language paradises or ways of speaking, and different expectations and cultural understandings to an interaction is called

(A) intercultural communication

(B) Cross-cultural communication

(C) Miscommunication

(D) Mass communication

Answer: (A)

 

25. Assertion – I: Error Analysis refers to a branch of Applied

Linguistics that undertakes a systematic study of the errors made by language learners, with a view to characterising the language – learning process.

Assertion – II: In applied linguistics, forms produced by second language learners are not that same from the forms produced by adult first language speakers.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are true.

(B) Both I and II are false.

(C) I is true, but II is false.

(D) I is false, but II is true.

Answer: (C)

 

26. Match the concepts drawn from Grice’s maxims given in List – I with appropriate inferences given in List – II:

List – I                                    List – II

a. Maxim of manner                i. Do not make your contribution more or less informative than required

b. Maxim of quality                ii. Be relevant

c. Maxim of quantity              iii. Try to make your contribution one that is true

d. Maxim of relevance            iv. Be brief and orderly

Codes:

      a b c d

(A) iv iii i ii

(B) ii iv iii i

(C) i ii iv iii

(D) iii i iv ii

Answer: (A)

 

27. Assertion – I: According to Basil Bernstein, every speaker has access to the restricted code.

Assertion – II: Only upper class has access to elaborated code.

Codes:

(A) I and II are true.

(B) I and II are false.

(C) I is true, II is false.

(D) I is false, II is true.

Answer: (A)

 

28. In the language contact situation the language that provide most of the lexical items to contact variety is

(A) Lexicalization

(B) Lexical diffusion

(C) Lexifier language

(D) Lexical decision

Answer: (C)

 

29. Match the terms coined by linguists in List – I with those of List – II from the codes below:

List – I                                    List – II

a. Corpus planning                  i. Ureil Weinreich

b. Language planning              ii. Charles Ferguson

c. Language determination     iii. Robert Cooper

d. Language spread                 iv. Heinz Kloss

Codes:

       a b c d

(A) iv i ii iii

(B) i ii iii iv

(C) iii iv ii i

(D) ii iii i iv

Answer: (A)

 

30. Assertion – I: Bright hypothesizes that ‘conscious’ linguistic change originates in the members of higher social strata, ‘unconscious’ change is natural in all strata where the literacy factor does not intervene.

Assertion – II: Labov hypothesizes that mechanism of linguistic change originates from below, that is, change from below the level of conscious awareness to change from above, that is change brought about consciously.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are correct.

(B) Both I and II are wrong.

(C) I is wrong and II is correct.

(D) I is correct and II is wrong.

Answer: (A)

 

31. Which one of the following ungrammatical sentences violates the coordinate structure constraint?

(A) Whom does he know a boy who studies?

(B) What did stories about frighten the child?

(C) Whose did you take autograph?

(D) Which boy did you see my sister and?

Answer: (C)

 

32. A concentration of acoustic energy, especially distinctive in ‘vowels’ and ‘voiced sounds’ is called

(A) Amplitude

(B) Frequency

(C) Formant

(D) Foot

Answer: (C)

 

33. The vocal folds may also be held lightly closed in the air-stream. Just as a blade of grass held between the thumps can be made to produce a rasping sound when air is blown past it, so the vocal folds can produce the sound. The sound produced comes under the category of

(A) Voiced

(B) Voiceless

(C) Whispered

(D) Click

Answer: (A)

 

34. “Minimal Pairs” helps in the identification of

(A) Distribution patterns

(B) Pattern congruity

(C) Phonemes

(D) Allosemes

Answer: (C)

 

35. In English, the word domestic changes into domesticity, the change can be formulated in one of the following ways:

(A) K -> s / – ti

(B) K -> s / – iti

(C) K -> s / – i

(D) K -> s / – it

Answer: (C)

 

36. Choose the stratum – 1 affix in the following:

/ Competitive / adj

Codes:

(A) – ve

(B) – ive

(C) – tive

(D) – iv

Answer: (B)

 

37. A standard language is a prestige variety that

(A) Cuts across regional varieties

(B) is faithful to the historical facts

(C) Is synonymous language standard

(D) Is the grammatical dialect

Answer: (A)

 

38. Assertion – I: Social network analysis is the approach in which the researcher concentrates on how language is used to achieve communicative goals in particular social situation.

Assertion – II: Social network analysis is the approach in which the researcher is a participant-observer of a social group and interprets linguistic variation in terms of the kinds and densities of relationships experienced by speakers.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are wrong.

(B) Both I and II are right.

(C) I is right and II is wrong.

(D) I is wrong and II is right.

Answer: (D)

 

39. Assertion – I: Men and women speak altogether different languages.

Assertion – II: Men and women speak to same language but they may differ in the use of the lexicon.

Codes:

(A) I and II are true.

(B) I and II are false.

(C) I is true, II is false.

(D) I is false, II is true.

Answer: (D)

 

40. “Turn-taking” is the subject matter for organizing conversation patterns in the speech context and groups of speakers is the domain of analysis for

(A) Pragmatics

(B) Sociolinguistics

(C) Ethnography of speaking

(D) Anthropology

Answer: (C)

 

41. In sentence ‘John lives here’ the word ‘here’ indicates

(A) Predicative expression

(B) Fixed expression

(C) Indexical expression

(D) Referring expression

Answer: (C)

 

42. Assertion – I: The categories of ‘mood’ and ‘tense’ may intersect in various ways.

Assertion – II: A particular model distinction may be drawn in combination with one tense, but neutralised with another.

Codes:

(A) Only I is true.

(B) Only II is true.

(C) Both I and II are true.

(D) Both I and II are false.

Answer: (C)

 

43. The sense relation found in the pairs – cow: animal, rose: flower etc. is termed as

(A) Synonymy

(B) Hyponymy

(C) Antonymy

(D) Homonymy

Answer: (B)

 

44. Complete the sentence by choosing the correct item from the following: A ……. is some point of usage for which two or more competing forms are available in a community, with speakers showing interesting and significant differences in the frequency with which they use one or another of these competing forms.

(A) Variety

(B) Reference

(C) Variable

(D) Sense

Answer: (C)

 

45. Select the correct order of the books according to the year in which they were published:

i. Meaning and style

ii. Structural semantics

iii. Semantics Volume – I

iv. Semantic Interpretation in

Generative Grammar

(A) i, iii, ii, iv

(B) ii, i, iii, iv

(C) ii, iv, i, iii

(D) iv, i, ii, iii

Answer: (C)www.netugc.com

 

46. Assertion – I: Translation occurs when a message or text produced in one language is converted into a message or text in another language.

Assertion – II: When used in contrast to “interpreting” translation denotes the conversion of a written text.

Codes:

(A) I and II are true.

(B) I and II are false.

(C) I is true, but II is false.

(D) I is false, but II is true.

Answer: (A)

 

47. The entries in dictionaries are arranged according to a code that is accessible to all without preparation, so that the dictionary can be consulted quickly and easily. The process of coding is known as

(A) Algorithm

(B) Concatenation

(C) Phonetic form

(D) Logical form

Answer: (A)

 

48. The use of controlled defining vocabulary and a preference for user friendly style with full sentence defining is found in

(A) Bilingual Dictionary

(B) Historical Dictionary

(C) Etymological Dictionary

(D) Monolingual Learner’s Dictionary (MLD)

Answer: (D)

 

49. “Because it was raining, I picked up my coat and put it on. I went to the door and after I opened it went outside.”

Assertion – I: The coherence of the above passage lies in less formal links, such as the logical connections between rain and coat wearing, doors and opening them.

Assertion – II: The passage also coheres in that it conforms to our notions of what a first person narrative should be

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are true.

(B) Both I and II are false.

(C) I is true, but II is false.

(D) I is false, but II is true.

Answer: (A)

 

50. Assertion – I: A dictionary is the part of an encyclopaedia which stores information about the formal morphosyntactic and semantic specifications of language user.

Assertion – II: Etymological and stylistic information are not strictly a part of the dictionary.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are correct.

(B) Both I and II are wrong.

(C) I is correct, but II is wrong.

(D) I is wrong, but II is correct.

Answer: (A)

 

51. Match the following from the List – I to List – II:

List – I                                                List – II

a. An interlinear translation                 i. Convey the source’s communicative effect

b. Literal translation                            ii. Reproduce the source’s semantic content

c. Communicative translation             iii. Parallel the source’s exact words and syntax

d. Dynamic equivalent                        iv. Communicative meaning

Codes:

       a b c d

(A) iii ii i iv

(B) i iii iv ii

(C) i iv iii ii

(D) iv i iii i

Answer: (A)

 

52. Word-sense disambiguation, speech tagging, syntactic analysis, and parallel text alignment are closely associated with

(A) Transformational generative grammar

(B) Case grammar

(C) Computational linguistics

(D) Neuro linguistics

Answer: (C)

 

53. Machine Readable Dictionary (MRD) means

(A) That the computer reads the dictionary.

(B) That it is an electronic form and can be processed and manipulated computationally.

(C) That it meant only for Database.

(D) That it is like any other dictionary.

Answer: (B)

 

54. Assertion – I: The first corpus designed to be comparable is known as LOB because of the three institutions that jointly compiled it were the Universities of Lancaster and Oslo and the Norwegian Computing Centre for the Humanities at Bergen.

Assertion – II: LOB was completed in 1978 and selected corpus from British English.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are correct.

(B) Both I and II are wrong.

(C) I is correct, but II is wrong.

(D) I is wrong, but II is correct.

Answer: (A)

 

55. “Recycling” appears to be among the primary sources related to social motivation of sound change. Who among the following proposed the above methodology?

(A) Peter Trudgill

(B) William Labov

(C) John J. Gumperz

(D) Ronald Wardough

Answer: (B)

 

56. Assertion – I: Stems and roots belong to different strata, claim some lexical morphologists.

Assertion – II: Homophonous affixes have different origins, some morphologists propose that.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are true.

(B) Both I and II are false.

(C) I is true, II is false.

(D) I is false, II is true.

Answer: (A)

 

57. The branch of morphology which studies the way in which words vary in order to express grammatical contrasts in sentences such as singular/plural, past/present tense, is known as

(A) Derivational morphology

(B) Inflectional morphology

(C) Item and process

(D) Word and paradigm

Answer: (B)

 

58. The English word blackberry is an example of

(A) Endocentric construction

(B) Exocentric construction

(C) Copulative compound

(D) Secondary construction

Answer: (B)

 

59. A morph which does not directly realize a morpheme is

(A) An empty word

(B) An empty morph

(C) A zero morph

(D) An allomorph

Answer: (B)

 

60. Complex predicate can involve

(A) Explicator + Verb + Noun

(B) Adjective + Noun + Verb

(C) Verb + Explicator + Auxiliary

(D) Adverb + Verb + Postposition

Answer: (C)

 

61. Sabourand used Saussure’s two linguistic planes. They are

(A) Selection and combination

(B) Motor and sensory

(C) Semiological and Phonological

(D) Competence and performance

Answer: (C)

 

62. Which one of the following pair is not correctly matched?

(A) Disorders of primary functions, such as sight and hand: Sensory control

(B) Higher dysfunctions secondary to or associated with, the: Language disorder

(C) Higher dysfunctions related to lesions outside the prime language areas of the brain, and which can be identified as distinct: Extralinguistic disorders

(D) A generalized reduction in efficiency after: Brain damage

Answer: (A)

 

63. Disorders affecting the transmission of language, is due to damage to the brain areas for peripheral

(A) Visual figure-ground discrimination

(B) Fluctuation of attention

(C) Sensory and motor mechanisms

(D) Left hemisphere

Answer: (C)

 

64. Which of the statement is correct?

(A) Hemianopia is the blindness in one half of the visual field.

(B) Hemiplegia is the paralysis of two sides of the body.

(C) An area of living tissue due to obstruction of a terminal artery.

(D) Asymbolia is ability to associate meaning with one or more classes of symbols.

Answer: (A)

 

65. Alzheimer’s disease is a type of

(A) Developmental Disorder

(B) Acquired Disorder

(C) Dementia

(D) Anomia

Answer: (C)

 

66. The POS tage ‘none’ in a tree bank denotes

(A) Co-indexation

(B) NP-SBJ

(C) Non-terminal category

(D) Punctuation

Answer: (D)

 

67. Assertion – I: A weighted CFG (WCFG) is a context-free-grammar plus a mapping p: P -> R from rule productions to real valued weights.

Assertion – II: A probabilistic CFG (PCFG) is a WCFG with a probability assigned to each rule.

Codes:

(A) Both I & II are false.

(B) I is true, II is false.

(C) I is false, II is true.

(D) Both I & II are true.

Answer: (D)

 

68. As per the optimality theory reduplication involves the following constraints and some other(s):

(A) Markedness constraint, stem constraint

(B) Markedness constraint, Root constraint

(C) Markedness constraint, Identity constraint

(D)Markedness constraint, Affixal constraint

Answer: (C)

 

69. Assertion – I: Phonological Word (PW) can consist of one or several syllables.

Assertion – II: Phonological word comprises one foot.

Codes:

(A) I & II are true.

(B) I & II are false.

(C) I is true, II is false.

(D) I is false, II is true.

Answer: (C)

 

70. If addition of a suffix brings about number change in an example like “Kul + am > Kulum” the phonological process involved reflects

(A) Rounding

(B) Raising

(C) Vowel-harmony

(D) Vowel-hierarchy

Answer: (D)

 

71. ‘boluN’ in Hindi is an example of

(A) Subject Raising

(B) Object Deletion

(C) Pro-drop parameter

(D) Theme-suppletion

Answer: (C)

 

72. Arrange the following concepts in order in which they appeared:

(i) Minimalism

(ii) Surface structure and Deep structure

(iii) Principles and parameters theorywww.netugc.com

(iv) Bare phrase structure

Codes:

(A) (ii), (iii), (i), (iv)

(B) (ii), (i), (iv), (iii)

(C) (i), (iii), (ii), (iv)

(D) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)

Answer: (A)

 

73. The DP hypothesis is first proposed by

(A) Stephen Abney

(B) Noam Chomsky

(C) J.Y. Pollock

(D) Timothy Stowel

Answer: (A)

 

74. Assertion – I: ‘Spellout’ is the point in a derivation at which part of a syntactic structure is sent to the PF component to be mapped into a PF-representation.

Assertion – II: To say that an item has a ‘null spellout’ is to say that it is ‘silent’ and so has a null phonetic form.

Codes:

(A) Only I is correct.

(B) Only II is correct.

(C) Both I and II are correct.

(D) Both I and II are wrong.

Answer: (C)

 

75. Assertion – I: Subject NPS precedes the verb in English in declarative sentences.

Assertion – II: All subject NPS are generated in SPEC VP position and then move to the SPEC VP/NP.

Codes:

(A) Both I and II are true.

(B) Both I and II are false.

(C) I is true and II is false.

(D) I is false and II is true.

Answer: (A)