2013 September UGC NET Solved Question Paper in History Paper 3

1. Which one of the following sites in central India has yielded the largest number of copper hoard implements?

(A) Kayatha

(B) Pondi

(C) Gungeria

(D) Maheshwar

Answer: (C)

 

2. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                                    List – II

(Archaeological sites) (River Valley)

a. Chandraketugarh                 i. Amaravati

b. Korkai                                 ii. Ganga

c. Karur                                   iii. Palar

d. Vasavasamudram                iv. Vaigai

Codes:

a          b          c          d

(A)       i           iii         iv         ii

(B)       iii         i           ii          iv

(C)       ii          iv         i           iii

(D)       iv         ii          iii         i

Answer: (C)

 

3. Which of the following is not true of Ashoka?

(A) He granted land to the ministers and the upper-most strata of bureaucracy in lieu of salary.

(B) His Dhamma was an ethic meant for good social conduct and cohesion.

(C) He advocated complete tolerance.

(D) He made scathing attacks against the useless rituals.

Answer: (A)

 

4. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                                    List – II

(Find-spots of Inscriptions)    (Kings)

a. Rabtak                                 i. Dharmamahadevi

b. Shar-i-Kuna                         ii. Vindhyashakti

c. Angul                                  iii. Kanishka

d. Basim                                  iv. Ashoka

Codes:

a          b          c          d

(A)       ii          iii         iv         i

(B)       iii         iv         i           ii

(C)       i           ii          iii         iv

(D)       iv         i           ii          iii

Answer: (B)

 

5. Which of the following is not correct about the vedic age?

(A) Some portions of the Rigveda seem to have been added later.

(B) There is evidence of the existence of brahmavadinis.

(C) The varna divisions started during its later phase.

(D) The society was wholly matriarchal.

Answer: (D)

 

6. Which one of the following sites is not associated with Painted Grey Ware?

(A) Gilaulikhera

(B) Noh

(C) Tripuri

(D) Satwali

Answer: (C)

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7. Sanauli in Baghpat district of UP is known for which one of its following Archaeological remains?

(A) Megaliths monuments

(B) Neoliths instruments

(C) Harappan cemetery

(D) OCP culture remains

Answer: (C)

 

8. Which of the following was one of the causes of differences between the Buddha and Devadatta?

(A) Buddha’s faith in non-violence

(B) Buddha’s desire to abandon the life of a renunciate after ten years.

(C) Devadatta’s suggestions for making the followers the forest-dwellers.

(D) Buddha’s desire not to allow the women to enter the samgha.

Answer: (C)

 

9. Point out which one of the following sites has yielded the remains of a Jaina stupa?

(A) Sanchi

(B) Dhamnar

(C) Nalanda

(D) Mathura

Answer: (D)

 

10. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                        List – II

(Form of marriage)      (Meaning)

a. Arsha                       i. stealing a girl who is sleeping, intoxicated or disordered in intellect.

b. Paishacha                ii. the purchase of bride

c. Asura                       iii. the father gives the daughter after receiving a cow and a bull or two pairs from bridegroom.

d. Rakshasa                 iv. the forcible abduction of the maiden from her house.

Codes:

a          b          c          d

(A)       i           iii         ii          iv

(B)       ii          iv         i           iii

(C)       iii         i           ii          iv

(D)       iv         ii          iii         i

Answer: (C)

11. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Ashoka’s consecration was postponed for four years even after his actual accession.

Reason (R): The royal astrologer warned him that the coming four years are not auspicious for this occasion.

In the context of the above statements, which one of the following is correct?

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Answer: (C)

 

12. Which of the below mentioned inscriptions of Mauryan times provides details related to famine relief?

(A) Mahasthan inscription

(B) Erragudi inscription

(C) Nittur inscription

(D) Jarrgada inscription

Answer: (A)

 

13. Of the following, which does not form a part of Bhagvad Gita?

(A) An emphasis on bhakti

(B) The condemnation of Ajivikas

(C) The imperishable Atman

(D) Great emphasis on karma without having any regard for the fruit

Answer: (B)

 

14. Which of the elliptical temples built at the following sites during 3rd-1st century B.C. was dedicated to Naga cult?

(A) Vidisha

(B) Dangwada

(C) Sonkh

(D) Atranjikhera

Answer: (C)

 

15. Arrange the following early Acharyas of Shrivaishnava sect of South India in chronological order and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List:

i Yamunacharya

ii Pundarikaksha

iii Nathmuni

iv Ramamishra

Codes:

(A) i iii ii iv

(B) iv i iii ii

(C) iii ii iv i

(D) ii iv i iii

Answer: (C)

 

16. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                                    List – II

(Author)                                  (Work)

a. Mammata                            i. Kumarapalacharita

b. Sandhyakara Nandi            ii. Ramacharita

c. Hemachandra                      iii. Kavyaprakasha

d. Bhatti                                  iv. Ravanavadha

Codes:

a          b          c          d

(A)       i           ii          iv         iii

(B)       ii          iv         iii         i

(C)       iii         ii          i           iv

(D)       iv         iii         ii          i

Answer: (C)

 

17. Which is not true of the contents of the Aihole Inscription of Pulakeshin-II?

(A) Ravikirti, its composer calls himself equal of Bhasa and Kalidasa.

(B) Pulakeshin II is projected a great conqueror.

(C) Pulakeshin II is called Satyashraya.

(D) It is dated in saka era 561 (= 639 – 40 AD)

Answer: (D)

 

18. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the

labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): The defeat of Bhoja-I of the Paramara dynasty of Malwa by Karna of the Kalachuri dynasty of Tripuri was followed by the latter to abdicate his throne.

Reason (R): Bhoja-I and Karna were eternal enemies of each other.

Read the above statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Answer: (B)

 

19. Who has applied the theory of Feudalism for the Chola State?

(A) R.C. Majumdar

(B) Burton Stein

(C) R.N. Nandi

(D) A. Southal

Answer: (C)

 

20. Arrange the following law-givers in chronological order and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

i Katyayana

ii Medhatithi

iii Vishnu

iv Devanabhatta

Codes:

(A) i iii ii iv

(B) ii iv i iii

(C) iii i ii iv

(D) iv ii iii i

Answer: (C)www.netugc.com

21. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Subinfeudation gave rise to a hierarchy of landlords, different from the actual tillers of the soil.

Reason (R): From 8th century onwards, hierarchical control over land was created by large scale sub infeudation.

Read the above statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Answer: (A)

 

22. Sijdah theoretically means:

(A) Prostration before King

(B) Prostration before God

(C) Prostration before Diwan

(D) Prostration before Imam

Answer: (B)

 

23. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Alauddin Khilji revoked most of the small iqtas granted by the previous sultans.

Reason (R): State’s share was increased to one half of the produce.

In the context of the above statements, which one of the following is correct?

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Answer: (B)

 

24. Which of the sultans prohibited Muslim women from worshipping at the graves of the saints?

(A) Balban

(B) Alauddin Khilji

(C) Muhammad Tughlaq

(D) Firozshah Tughlaq

Answer: (D)

 

25. Which one of the following dynasties did not belong to Kashmir?

(A) Hindu Shahi

(B) Karkota

(C) Utapala

(D) Lohar

Answer: (A)

 

26. Goa and Konkan regions were annexed to the Vijayanagar Empire during the reign of:

(A) Harihara II

(B) Devaraya II

(C) Krishna Devaraya

(D) Narsa Nayak

Answer: (A)

 

27. Concerning sufi philosophy which one of the following statements is incorrect?

(A) To the sufis the outstanding attribute of God is his effulgence.

(B) The sufis practised several yogic exercises as means to suppress lust.

(C) As an aid to concentration the sufis favoured meditation than to music.

(D) The sufis believed that it is only under the guidance of the Pir that spiritual progress is possible.

Answer: (C)

 

28. Consider the following statements and choose correct answer from the codes given below:

i Shaikh Hamiduddin Nagauri was a chishti saint.

ii The early chishtis disapproved the miracles.

iii The chistis order originated in India.

iv Shaikh Bahaud-din Zakaria had his Khanqah in Patna.

Codes:

(A) i and iv

(B) ii and iii

(C) i and ii

(D) iii and iv

Answer: (C)

 

29. The term cartaz in the medieval period stood for:

(A) Ilbari permits for inland trade

(B) Portuguese permit for sea trade

(C) Dutch permit for sea trade

(D) Mughal permits for inland trade

Answer: (B)

 

30. Arrange the following expeditions of Shershah in chronological order:

i. Raisin

ii. Kalinjar

iii. Malwa

iv. Marwar

(A) iii i iv ii

(B) ii iii i iv

(C) iv i iii ii

(D) i ii iii iv

Answer: (A)

 

31. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Concerning progress of education Akbar was not satisfied with mere multiplication of maktabs and madrasas.

Reason (R): Akbar revised the syllabus of educational institutions thoroughly.

Read the above statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Answer: (A)

 

32. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Assertion (A): Rajputs enrolled in large numbers in Akbar’s Tauhid-i-Ilahi.

Reason (R): Akbar’s alliance with the Rajputs began as a political condition, but later it developed into closer relations between Hindus and Muslims.

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Answer: (D)

 

33. Which one of the following is not correctly matched?

(A) Nizam-ud-din Ahmad - Tabaqat-I Akbari

(B) Abdul Qadir Badaoni - Muntakhab-ud Tawarikh

(C) Khafi Khan - Muntakhab-ul Lubab

(D) Abdur Rahim - Badshah Namah

Answer: (D)

 

34. Which of the Mughal emperors disapproved the practice of polygamy by saying that “polygamy brings ruin to (the man’s) health and woes to his home”?

(A) Babur

(B) Akbar

(C) Shah Jahan

(D) Aurangzeb

Answer: (B)

 

35. Pietra dura, a decorative style, was adopted in the Mughal architecture from the reign of

(A) Humayun

(B) Jahangir

(C) Shah Jahan

(D) Aurangzeb

Answer: (B)

 

36. Which one of the following is not correctly matched?

Author                                     Book

(A) Ebba Koch -                     Mughal Architecture

(B) John F. Richards -             The Mughal Empire

(C) Andre Wink -                    The History of Mughal Architecture

(D) R. Nath -                           The immortal Taj Mahal: The evolution of the Tomb in Mughal Architecture

Answer: (C)

 

37. Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

i The provinces of the Gangetic plain, during the 17th century showed substantial rise in the lands classified as zabt.

ii The zabt expansion increased the ability of the administration to deal directly with village elite.

iii Steady growth in the measured area helped the Mughal State to keep pace with rising agricultural production over the country.

iv The cultivators turned to more valuable cash crops such as sugarcane or cotton.

Codes:

(A) i and ii

(B) ii and iii

(C) ii, iii and iv

(D) i, ii, iii and iv

Answer: (D)

 

38. Abdur Rahim Khan-i-khanan made important architectural contributions at

(A) Burhanpur

(B) Kabul

(C) Lahore

(D) Agra

Answer: (A)

 

39. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                                                            List – II

(Monument)                                        (Place)

a. Tomb of Rabia Daurani                   i. Agra

b. Tomb of Safdar Jung                      ii. Sikandra

c. Tomb of Akbar                                iii. Delhi

d. Tomb of Fatehpuri Begum                         iv. Aurangabad

Codes:

            a          b          c          d

(A)       i           ii          iii         iv

(B)       ii          iii         iv         i

(C)       iv         iii         ii          i

(D)       iii         iv         i           ii

Answer: (C)

 

40. Arrange the following monuments in chronological order of construction and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

i Jama Masjid, Delhi

ii Tomb of Humayun, Delhi

iii Badshahi Masjid, Lahore

iv Taj Mahal, Agra

Codes:

a          b          c         d

(A)       i           ii          iii         iv

(B)       ii          iv         i           iii

(C)       iii         i           ii          iv

(D)       iv         iii         ii          i

Answer: (B)

 

41. Regarding the nature of the late medieval rural society of India which one of the following is correct?

(A) The rural society of the medieval period was highly stratified in nature.

(B) Natural calamities, wars and local oppression often contributed to the shifting of rural people from one village to the other.

(C) The social structure of the village, old or new, reflected almost the same nature.

(D) All of the above

Answer: (D)

 

42. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): The focal points in the Maratha political system was the institution of hereditary Peshwas.

Reason (R): Baji Rao changed the character of Maratha movement from struggle for national survival to empire building.

In the context of the above statements, which one of the following codes is correct?

Codes:

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Answer: (B)

 

43. Which one of the following was the leader of Wahabi Movement?

(A) Syed Ahmad of Rai Bareilly

(B) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan

(C) Muhammad Abdul Wahab

(D) Waliulla

Answer: (A)

 

44. The Blue Water Policy was associated with:

(A) Vasco Da Gama

(B) De Almeida

(C) Albuquerque

(D) Alfonso de Souza

Answer: (B)

 

45. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                List – II

a. Introduction of the system of direct recruitment to the I.C.S. through a competitive examination                                                                                  i. 1853

b. Introduction of the portfolio system                                  ii. 1861

c. Establishment of Federal Court                                          iii. 1919

d. Introduction of Dyarchy in the Provinces.                                     iv. 1937

Codes:

a          b          c          d

(A)       i           ii          iv         iii

(B)       ii          i           iii         iv

(C)       iii         ii          i           iv

(D)       iv i       ii          ii          i

Answer: (A)

 

46. Who among the following said “patriotism is religion and religion is love for India”?

(A) Dayananda Saraswati

(B) Rabindranath Tagore

(C) Swami Vivekananda

(D) Bankim Chandra Chatterjee

Answer: (D)

 

47. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                                                List – II

a. Indian States Commission              i. 1932

b. Communal Award                          ii. 1929

c. Gandhi-Irwin Pact                          iii. 1928

d. Lahore Session of the Congress     iv. 1931

Codes:

a          b          c          d

(A)       iii         i           iv         ii

(B)       ii          iii         iv         i

(C)       iii         ii          i           iv

(D)       iv         i           iii         ii

Answer: (A)

 

48. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Francis Buchanan’s tours of Mysore and Eastern India and Colin Mackenze’s tours of Southern India, can be said to have inaugurated the era of ‘scientific’ understanding of India based on detailed local knowledge.

Reason (R): Both Buchanan and Mackenzie paid attention to India’s distinctiveness, the caste system but both men are haphazard and unsystematic.

Read the above statements and select the correct answers from the codes given below:

Codes:

(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is false.

(B) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.

(C) Both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(D) Both are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Answer: (D)

 

49. In 1834, one of the following remarked on the famine that “the bones of the cotton weavers are bleaching the plains of India”:

(A) Dadabhai Naoroji

(B) R.C. Dutt

(C) William Bentinck

(D) Palme Dutt

Answer: (C)

 

50. Bullionism and favourable balance of trade were the salient features of :

(A) Laissez Faire

(B) Commercialism

(C) Mercantilism

(D) Capitalism

Answer: (C)

 

51. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                                                            List – II

a. Kuka Revolt in the Punjab                          i. 1861

b. Deposition of the Gaikwad of Baroda       ii. 1869

c. Opening of Suez Canal                               iii. 1872

d. Indian High Courts Act                              iv. 1875

Codes:

a          b          c          d

(A)       ii          iii         i           iv

(B)       iii         iv         ii          i

(C)       iii         ii          i           iv

(D)       iv         i           iii         ii

Answer: (B)

 

52. The Muslim peasants of Malabar were known as:

(A) Kukis

(B) Jaintia

(C) Moplahs

(D) Wahabis

Answer: (C)

 

53. One of the following was not a revolutionary leader during the freedom movement:

(A) Lala Haradayal

(B) Birendrakumar Ghosh

(C) Satyendranath Bose

(D) Lal Mohan Ghosh

Answer: (D)

 

54. Match the List – I with List – II and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                                                List – II

a. Kandukuri Veeresalingam               i. History of Indian National Congress

b. Madapati Hanumantha Rao            ii. Andhra Patrika

c. Kasinathuni Nageswar Rao             iii. Vivekavardhani

d. Pattabhi Seetaramaiah                    iv. Telanganaloo Andhrodyamam

Codes:

a          b          c          d

(A)       iii         iv         ii          i

(B)       ii          iii         i          iv

(C)       iv         i           ii          iii

(D)       i           ii          iii         iv

Answer: (A)

 

55. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): Colonial government considered Gandhi as a spent force politically after 1924.

Reason (R): After 1924 Gandhi remained aloof from direct politics and concentrated on constructive programme and congress itself got divided between ‘no changers’ and ‘pro-changers’.

Read the above statements and select the correct answers from the codes given below:

Codes:

(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is false.

(B) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.

(C) Both are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

(D) Both are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Answer: (C)

 

56. The words ‘Satyameva Jayate’ in the State emblem has been taken from

(A) Mundaka Upanishad

(B) Svetasvatara Upanishad

(C) Isa Upanishad

(D) Chandogya Upanishad

Answer: (A)

 

57. The Fergusson College at Pune was founded in 1885 by:

(A) The Social Service League

(B) The Servants of India Society

(C) The Deccan Education Society

(D) Poona Sarvajanic Sabha

Answer: (C)

 

58. Match the List – I (Regions) with List – II (Annexations) and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

List – I                        List – II

a. Punjab                     i. 1848

b. Satara                      ii. 1801

c. Ceded districts        iii. 1856

d. Awadh                    iv. 1849

Codes:

a          b          c          d

(A)       iv         i           ii          iiiwww.netugc.com

(B)       i           iii         iv         ii

(C)       ii          iv         iii         i

(D)       iii         ii          i           iv

Answer: (A)

 

59. Whom Gandhiji selected as the first satyagrahi to launch the individual satyagraha in October 1940?

(A) Vallabhbhai Patel

(B) Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan

(C) Sarojini Naidu

(D) Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Answer: (D)

 

60. The command of Indian National Army was given to Subhash Chandra Bose in:

(A) 1941

(B) 1942

(C) 1943

(D) 1944

Answer: (C)

 

61. From the genesis of Indian National Congress to India’s independence (1885-1947) which leader amongst the following held the post of its President for the longest period?

(A) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad

(B) Jawaharlal Nehru

(C) Gopal Krishna Gokhale

(D) W.C. Bannerjee

Answer: (A)

 

62. India took a very strong anti-west stand during which one of the following?

(A) Non-Alignment Movement

(B) Suez Canal Crisis

(C) Annexation of French territories in India

(D) Belgrade Summit

Answer: (B)

 

63. Which leader among the following said Kashmir acceded to the Indian Union because of economic need?

(A) Hari Singh

(B) Shaikh Abdullah

(C) Mehar Chand Mahajan

(D) Jawaharlal Nehru

Answer: (B)

 

64. The first amendment to Indian Constitution (1951) was enacted to confer power on the States

(A) To place responsible restrictions on freedom of expression.

(B) To adopt Hindu Succession Bill.

(C) To abolish zamindari system

(D) None of the above

Answer: (A)

 

65. Which one of the following books is not authored by R.S. Sharma?

(A) Sudras in Ancient India

(B) Urban decay in India

(C) From Lineage to State

(D) Material Culture and Social Formation in Ancient India

Answer: (C)

 

66. Which one of the following statements is incorrect concerning historical objectivity?

(A) Historical objectivity is not linked up with value judgement.

(B) It means dispassionate and scientific treatment of all the events narrated by the historian.

(C) Historical objectivity is conditional to the nature and selection of events and the personality of the historian who functions under limitation.

(D) Ideological differences often prevent the historian from attaining historical objectivity.

Answer: (A)

 

67. Concerning post-modernist theory which one of the following is incorrect?

(A) The post-modernist contentions are as arbitrary in their ascription of meaning as the text of the historians who use them.

(B) When language is said to be an infinite play of meanings, anything written becomes a mere arrangement of words a discourse.

(C) The post-modern linguistic turn cuts the very ground on which historical studies stand.

(D) Hostility to history is not a marked character of post-modernist thought.

Answer: (D)

 

68. Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the Mughal theory of kingship?

(A) The Mughal theory of kingship was an admixture of Turkish, Mongol and Islamic ideals.

(B) There was a conceptual change in the theory of kingship advocated by the Delhi sultans and the Mughals.

(C) The Mughal theory of kingship evolved gradually and obtained final shape during the reign of Akbar.

(D) All of the above.

Answer: (D)

 

69. Who among the following is not associated with the Utopian Socialists?

(A) Saint Simon

(B) Charles Fourier

(C) Friedrich Engels

(D) Robert Owen

Answer: (C)

 

70. Which one of the following objectives relates to Indian foreign policy initiatives?

(A) Preservation of world-peace

(B) Extension of human freedom

(C) Opposition to colonialism and racialism

(D) All of the above

Answer: (D)

 

Read the following passage and answer the following five questions: (Nos. 71 to 75)

The drive to acquire political control of tropical regions was almost universal among major European nations in the nineteenth century. Where did the empires sprang from – a greed for territory, a lust for power, accidental circumstances, or an economic motive?

J.A. Hobson suggested that empires rose to protect European investments abroad at a time when the need to export capital was acute because of falling rates of return on capital at home. Competition for colonies, Hobson believed, was behind the conflicts that dragged these powers into waging war against each other.

The imperialists believed that they were protecting home investment when expanding territories remains weak. The more common motives cited were markets for goods and opening for emigration, not export of capital. Investments were seen as a means rather than the end. Different strands emphasised by industrial bourgeoisie or bankers and financiers. But the common point was that the profit, seeking led the capitalists to expand political control.

J. Gallagher and R. Robinson proposed that in the mid-nineteenth century, Britain had already established an‘informal empire’ secured by commercial, cultural and diplomatic links. The informal empire could take care of the economic interests well enough. The change from informal to formal empire was driven not by economic motives but by global and local political rivalries.

Large economic gains were made by owning colonies that would strengthen the role of a profit motive and in turn capitalist interest behind imperialism.

 

71. The European drive for control of tropical countries sprand from:

(A) Greed for territory

(B) Lust for power

(C) Economic motives

(D) To overpower other European nations

Answer: (D)

 

72. J.A. Hobson’s suggestions for the establishment of empires:

(A) To protect European investments

(B) Acute need for export capital

(C) To de-industrialise

(D) Falling rates of returns on capital at home

Answer: (C)

 

73. One of the following was not the motive of imperialists to control tropical countries:

(A) To protect home investments

(B) Markets for goods

(C) Opening for emigration

(D) Proselytization in tropical countries

Answer: (D)

 

74. Industrial bourgeoisie took stand to expand political control for:

(A) Profit seeking

(B) To annihilate quarrelling tropical political powers

(C) To make adventurous trips

(D) To establish schools, hospitals and philanthropic activities

Answer: (A)

 

75. Change from informal to formal empires was driven by the idea of:

(A) Economic motives

(B) Global and political rivalries

(C) Diplomatic links

(D) Cultural and religious links

Answer: (B)